MAJOR FUNDING FOR "THE WOODWRIGHT'S SHOP" IS PROVIDED BY... [CAT MEOWS] [THUNDER] [HORN HONKING] WHEN THE UNEXPECTED HAPPENS, STATE FARM HAS THE TOOLS TO GET YOU TO A BETTER STATE, PROUD SPONSOR OF "THE WOODWRIGHT'S SHOP."
HEY, HELLO AGAIN.
WELCOME BACK TO "THE WOODWRIGHT'S SHOP."
I'M ROY UNDERHILL.
SO GLAD YOU COULD BE WITH ME AGAIN TODAY BECAUSE I HAVE A CONVERGENCE, A COMING-TOGETHER OF TWO FORCES.
FIRST, A NEIGHBOR IS GETTING BOARD-AND-BATTEN SIDING ON THEIR BARN, AND THEY HAD A WHOLE BUNCH OF OAK SCRAPS AND SAID WOULD I LIKE THEM.
THEY'RE TOO GOOD FOR FIREWOOD, BUT WHAT CAN YOU MAKE WITH LITTLE SHORT PIECES OF OAK LIKE THIS?
AH, WELL, THIS CONVERGES WITH MY INTEREST IN EARLY SHOP MANUALS, BOOKS FOR BOYS, AS IT WAS AT THE TIME, ON MAKING THINGS.
THIS IS "HANDI-CRAFT FOR HANDY BOYS."
THERE IT IS, AND IT HAS EVERYTHING.
THIS IS FROM 1911.
EVERYTHING FROM MAKING AIRPLANES, BAND INSTRUMENTS.
HERE'S RABBIT HUTCHES, A PUSHMOBILE, A CAMP CHAIR.
THERE'S HOW TO MAKE-- THERE YOU GO.
HOW TO MAKE A ZEPPELIN THERE.
I LIKE THIS ONE.
SO YOU CAN FLY YOUR AIRSHIP ACROSS THE BACKYARD.
NOW THAT'S GREAT STUFF.
NOW, YOU SEE, WHO WOULDN'T LIKE THAT?
AND JUST WONDERFUL, WONDERFUL THINGS ALL THROUGH, BUT BACK AT THE BEGINNING, BEFORE THE ELECTRIC MAPS, BEFORE THE LABORATORY, BEFORE THE MORSE CODE, BEFORE THE FIXING THINGS AROUND THE HOUSE, BEFORE MAKING DESKS AND CHAIRS, THERE IS A THING CALLED SIMPLE...SIMPLE FURNITURE, AND HERE IT IS.
THIS IS WHAT IT ALWAYS IS.
IF YOU HAVE AN EARLY, EARLY 20th-CENTURY BOOK ON WOODWORKING, WHETHER IT'S A SHOP BOOK, IT'S GONNA HAVE THIS-- A TABOURET, OR A "TABOURETTE."
WE'RE NEVER SURE ON HOW TO PRONOUNCE IT.
BUT ANYWAY, IT'S A LITTLE TABLE, A PLANT STAND.
AND SO YOU'D FIND THESE ALL DURING THIS ARTS-AND-CRAFTS TIME, PEOPLE MAKING BENCHES LIKE THIS.
THE SIMPLEST THING ARE THESE TABOURETS.
I SAY, WHAT THE HECK?
WHO NEEDS IT?
WELL, IF YOU'VE HAD FURNITURE RUINED BY HAVING SOMEONE PUT A POTTED PLANT ON A NICE TABLE, YOU WILL SEE WHAT THE TABOURET, OR THE "TABOURETTE," IS ALL ABOUT.
ACTUALLY, TABOURET-- LITTLE, LITTLE DRUM.
LITTLE DRUM.
SO PERHAPS TABOURET.
NEVERTHELESS, HERE IT IS.
AHA.
NOT THE PLANT, BUT WHAT IT'S STANDING ON.
SO THIS IS THAT TABOURET.
WE'RE GONNA TAKE A LOOK AT HOW TO MAKE THIS LITTLE THING AND REALLY THINK-- WHAT WOULD BE THE LESSONS THAT A VERY INTERESTING PROFESSOR OF WOODWORKING COULD TEACH THESE STUDENTS.
SO LET'S GET THIS GUY OUT OF THE WAY AND TAKE A LOOK AT THIS.
SIMPLEST THING, BUT THERE'S ALWAYS LESSONS, YOU KNOW.
ETERNITY, INFINITY IN A GRAIN OF SAND.
IT'S JUST FOUR LEGS.
IT'S GOT A CROSSPIECE DOWN HERE, THESE CROSSED STRETCHERS, AND THIS IS A HALF-LAP JOINT.
SO THEY PASS THROUGH EACH OTHER BY HALF BEING REMOVED.
WE'LL SEE HOW TO DO THAT.
THERE IT IS.
SEE IF I CAN MOVE IT APART A LITTLE BIT THERE.
AND THE ENDS ARE PEGGED TOGETHER.
NOW, THE ORIGINAL, THEY HAD SCREWS IN THERE.
I PUT WALNUT PEGS IN THIS, AND I DID NOT REALLY EXAMINE THE WALNUT, AND BOY, THEY WERE SNAPPING LIKE CRAZY.
VERY WEAK GRAIN.
SO I'VE GONE OVER TO SOME HICKORY PEGS.
WE'LL TAKE A LOOK AT THAT.
AND AGAIN, YOU CAN SEE IT'S OAK.
AND THEN THERE'S THE TOP.
YOU CAN SEE THE TOP HERE.
SEE HOW IT'S OUT OF A FLAT PIECE OF WOOD WITH THE RINGS IN IT.
WE'LL HAVE TO LOOK AT THE WAY THAT IS GOING TO MOVE WITH HUMIDITY AS THE WOOD DRIES.
SO THERE'S LOTS OF LESSONS IN THIS LITTLE THING.
LET'S START WITH THE LEGS AND A LESSON PROFESSOR MIGHT HAVE FOR US ON FIXED TOOLS, TOOLS THAT HAVE THE INFORMATION IN THEM.
WELL, LIKE RIGHT HERE.
WE'RE GONNA BORE HOLES IN OUR LEGS TO PUT THE PEGS THROUGH.
AND WHAT IS THE MOST...
THE OLDEST FIXED TOOL?
WELL, SOMETHING LIKE THIS IS.
THIS IS AN AUGER BIT, A LITTLE BRACE AND BIT.
THIS IS THE AUGER BIT, AN AUGER.
AND YOU THINK ABOUT IT-- AUGERS, UNLIKE A CHISEL, UNLIKE A SAW, WHICH YOU CAN STEER, AN AUGER DOES SOMETHING OF ONE DIAMETER.
IT IS FIXED.
WE'RE ACTUALLY GONNA USE AN AUGER LIKE THIS ONE.
THIS IS WAY COOL, A LITTLE BIT DIFFERENT DESIGN.
A L'AMADIEU.
SEE THAT?
TALK ABOUT FRENCH.
THERE YOU GO.
A L'AMADIEU... LET ME TURN THIS AROUND A LITTLE BIT MORE.
AUGER.
THIS HAS THE SOLID LIPS.
NOW, THAT'S A TREAT TO SHARPEN.
WE'RE GONNA SEE HOW TO USE THIS IN A LITTLE BIT.
ALL RIGHT.
LET'S TAKE THE PRINCIPLES.
I'M GONNA GET UP AND GET LAYING OUT.
SO FIRST STEP ANY TIME YOU'RE DOING SOMETHING LIKE THIS, YOU'VE GOT TO LAY OUT ALL YOUR PIECES ALL AT ONCE, ALL AT THE SAME HEIGHT.
EVEN THE SIMPLEST THING HAS THOSE SAME LESSONS.
FOR BUILDING TABLES, WE SQUARE UP THE BOTTOM.
SQUARE UP THE BOTTOM, AND I'M GONNA WORK FROM THE... FROM THE RIGHT TO THE LEFT.
I'VE GOT TO RUN THIS LINE ACROSS, BECAUSE I'VE GOT AN EXTRA PIECE HERE.
ALL RIGHT.
SO THESE ARE JUST WHERE THE PEG HOLES GO.
AND I'VE GOT ONE AT THE TOP.
ALL RIGHT.
SO I'D LAY THEM ALL OUT AT THE SAME TIME, AND NOW I CAN FLIP IT OVER AND FIND WHERE THE PEG HOLE IS GONNA GO THROUGH ON THE FACE.
AND I'M GONNA LOOK AND SEE WHICH IS THE BETTER FACE.
I THINK THIS ONE IS RIGHT HERE.
THIS IS FLAT-SAWN OAK, SO IT'S VERY PLAIN.
IT DOESN'T HAVE THE RAYS THAT, YOU KNOW, MISSION FURNITURE SHOULD HAVE IN IT.
SO I'M NOT TOO CONCERNED ABOUT THE LOOKS OF THIS PIECE HERE.
I'M GONNA GET THESE LINES ACROSS.
SO I'M GONNA LOCATE WHERE THE PEGS ARE GONNA GO.
THIS IS THE BOTTOM PEGS.
AND THEY'RE GONNA GO INTO THE CROSSPIECES, GO LIKE THAT.
ALL RIGHT.
ON THE INSIDE.
AND THEN I NEED A LINE UP TOP HERE.
ALL RIGHT.
THAT'S GONNA GO INTO THE END GRAIN OF THE TOP.
AND NOW I'VE GOT TO FIND THE POINT'S END.
AND THAT LOOKS RIGHT.
ALL RIGHT.
AND I'M GONNA USE A WAY OF WORKING, UH... THAT'S VERY OLD-- CALL IT SUPERIMPOSITION.
I WILL SUPERIMPOSE THIS ONTO THE SECOND PIECE AND THEN ACTUALLY BORE THE HOLES THROUGH IT IN ORDER TO GET WHERE THAT NEXT, UH...
SUBSEQUENT JOINT IS.
LET ME GO AHEAD AND LAY THIS OUT.
MAYBE I CAN EXPLAIN THAT A LITTLE BETTER.
SO HERE I'VE GOT TO FIND THE MIDDLE, AND TO DO THAT, I'M GOING TO JUST COME IN FROM BOTH SIDES WITH MY SCRIBE.
NOW, THIS SCRATCHER IN THIS VERY GRAINY OAK DOES NOT LEAVE A VERY CLEAR SPACE, BUT I BELIEVE THAT'S THE CENTER AND THAT'S THE CENTER.
ALL RIGHT.
SO NOW WE'LL GO AHEAD AND BORE THE HOLES.
AND SO WE'LL USE A BRACE AND BIT, AND THAT IS, AS I SAY, THIS IS ONE OF THE EARLIEST TOOLS THAT IS FIXED IN WHAT IT CAN DO.
IT'S NOT VERSATILE, BUT BOY, DOES IT DO A GOOD JOB.
IF I WANT A HOLE 3/8" IN DIAMETER, THIS IS THE TOOL TO USE BECAUSE IT WILL DO IT.
I DON'T EVEN HAVE TO LOOK.
I KNOW WHAT IT'S DOING.
IT'S DONE.
ALL RIGHT.
SO UP.
ANOTHER ONE--CENTER.
I BORE BOTH HOLES IN THIS PIECE, AND THEN WHEN WE ASSEMBLE, AS YOU'LL SEE, WE'LL JUST PUT ONE PEG THROUGH, BRING EVERYTHING INTO ALIGNMENT, AND THEN REACH THROUGH HERE AND BORE INTO THE SECOND ONE TO MAKE...TO LET IT BE ALIGNED.
ALL RIGHT.
SO NOW HERE WE'LL DO THIS UPPER PART.
ALL RIGHT.
AND THERE YOU GO.
SEE THAT?
LOOK AT THOSE TWO HOLLOWS IN THERE.
VERY INTERESTING BIT.
L'AMADIEU, I THINK THEY ARE.
THE GEDGE PATTERN IS JUST LOOPED UP.
THESE ARE FULL LOOPS.
YEAH, THERE WE GO.
ALL RIGHT.
NOW, THIS IS THE FACE SIDE.
AGAIN, VERY PLAIN.
SO JUST FINE FOR MAKING A TABOURET.
IF IT HAD VERY WONDERFUL RAYS AND BEAUTIFUL PLATES OF GRAIN THROUGH THERE, I'D USE IT FOR SOMETHING ELSE.
BUT RIGHT NOW, I'M JUST GONNA SMOOTHEN IT UP, BECAUSE I WANT MY SCRAPER-- HERE IT IS, CABINET SCRAPER.
I CAN JUST TAKE OFF THE PENCIL MARKS AND THE FUZZ RIGHT NOW SO WE CAN GET THIS THING ASSEMBLED.
WE'LL FINISH THIS PIECE.
HERE WE ARE.
SO I'VE GOT A CABINET SCRAPER.
JUST KIND OF PUSHING IT TOWARDS THE DIRECTION OF TRAVEL.
YOU CAN SEE HOW THAT TOOK OFF ALL THE ROUGHNESS DOWN THERE.
I'M GONNA DO THAT UP HERE NOW AT THE UPPER END.
ALL RIGHT.
TAKE OFF MY PENCIL MARKS.
ALL RIGHT.
AND THEN THIS EDGE-- ACTUALLY, I COULD TAKE IT AND DO A LITTLE MORE BEVELING ON THE SIDES.
SO JUST EASE OFF THOSE SIDES USING THIS LITTLE BLOCK PLANE AND THEN DO THE TOP.
I'M GONNA DO THE TOP AS WELL.
LET ME SHOW YOU THAT IN A SECOND.
I WANT TO DO THE BACK, BUT WHILE I'VE GOT THIS HELD...
SO JUST EASE OFF THOSE CORNERS.
ON THE INSIDE NOW, THIS HAS GOT TO FIT FLUSH UP TO ANOTHER PIECE OF WOOD.
SO I DON'T WANT ANYTHING TO INTERFERE.
I'M GOING TO USE A SNAIL.
THIS IS A DOUBLE SNAIL, OR A COUNTERSINK, BUT IT'S A COUNTERSINK JUST FOR WOOD CALLED A SNAIL BECAUSE IT HAS A LITTLE BIT OF A SPIRAL CUT THERE.
AND JUST GIVE IT A COUPLE OF TURNS, AND THAT WILL HOLLOW THIS FACE SO THAT THERE'S NO JUNK RIGHT AROUND THE EMERGENT SPOT WHERE THE PEG COMES THROUGH TO MESS THINGS UP.
LET ME DO THESE LOWER ONES HERE.
ALL RIGHT.
AND THAT'S GOOD.
AND THAT'S GOOD.
NOW, WHETHER YOU GLUE OR WHATEVER, YOU JUST GLUE THE PEGS, YOU WANT TO HAVE THESE CLEAN.
SO AGAIN A LITTLE BIT OF CABINET SCRAPER JUST TO MAKE SURE THERE'S NO SPLINTERS TO KEEP IT FROM GOING UP FLUSH.
SO ALL RIGHT.
LOTS OF NICE LESSONS ALREADY IN THIS.
LET'S DO THE TOP END.
I WANT TO BRING THIS UP CLOSE HERE.
NOW, IN THE TEXT, IT SAYS TAKE THIS OFF WITH A CHISEL.
NOW, MOST USUALLY YOU'D TAKE THIS OFF WITH A PLANE HERE TO BEVEL THIS.
BUT I'M GONNA JUST COME-- THE MAIN THING IS THAT MY CHISEL IS POINTING UP AND OFF THE WOOD.
SO WE COME DOWN HERE.
THE CHISEL DOES JUST FINE.
ALL RIGHT.
AND THEN THIS WAY.
NOPE.
TOO MUCH OF A BITE.
A LITTLE TOO HUNGRY.
ALL RIGHT.
AND THAT'S THE SAME WAY, IF I WERE TO DO IT WITH THE PLANE, I WOULD WANT TO HOLD THE PLANE.
I WANT TO HOLD THE CHISEL SO IT'S FEEDING OFF THE WOOD LIKE THAT.
I'LL SHOW YOU THE OPPOSITE.
WHAT I MEAN IS YOU DON'T GO LIKE THAT TO DO IT AND TRY AND GET IT ACROSS.
YOU COME UP AND OFF THE GRAIN.
SO YOU'RE ALWAYS WORKING DOWN THE GRAIN.
AND EVEN IF WE USE A LITTLE BLOCK PLANE LIKE THIS, WHERE THE CUTTER IS HOUSED IN THE IRON BODY, WE'RE STILL GONNA ANGLE IT SO THAT THE CUTTER FEEDS THE CUT OFF THE ENDS.
LET'S SEE IF WE CAN DO THE FULL END GRAIN NOW.
BECAUSE I HAVEN'T BEVELED IT.
SO THERE YOU GO.
VERY PRETTY.
AND YOU CAN SEE ALL THOSE GROWTH RINGS.
AND SEE HOW THIS IS WHAT WE'D CALL RIFT-CUT?
THE LINES ARE GOING AT A DIAGONAL ACROSS THERE.
SO WE DON'T HAVE THE GRAIN THAT WE WOULD HAVE IF THESE RINGS WERE GOING AT 90 DEGREES HERE.
THEN WE WOULD HAVE BEAUTIFUL RAYS ON THE SIDE.
NEVERTHELESS, IT'S GONNA BE NICE.
GONNA BE NICE.
ALL RIGHT.
SO WHAT HAVE I GOT?
ALL RIGHT.
NOW I'M GONNA DO THOSE PEGS.
NOW, HERE I LEARNED A LESSON.
I THOUGHT--I WANTED TO HAVE CONTRAST AND... BECAUSE THE ORIGINAL WAS DONE WITH, UM...BIG-- THEY DESCRIBE THESE BLUED SCREWS.
ALL RIGHT.
SO BLUED SCREWS IS WHAT THEY SAY TO USE RIGHT THERE.
SO THESE BIG BLUED SCREWS LOOK REALLY NICE.
WELL, I THOUGHT THE END GRAIN OF A WALNUT PEG WOULD LOOK JUST AS NICE, BUT LET ME SHOW YOU WHAT HAPPENED WHEN I DID THESE PEGS HERE.
I TOOK AND GOT...
THE WRONG WOOD.
THIS IS NOT STRONG ENOUGH FOR PEGS.
WELL, THAT PIECE IS.
WELL, MAYBE I'LL KEEP THAT ONE.
THAT ONE'S PRETTY GOOD.
SO I WENT BACK, THOUGH, AND DID IT WITH HICKORY.
NOW, THE REASON--AND ACTUALLY, WHEN I PEGGED THIS TOGETHER, I PEGGED IT UP WITH THE WALNUT PEGS AND ACTUALLY JUST KIND OF KNOCKED AGAINST IT, AND I HEARD THEM SNAPPING.
THEY WERE SNAPPING LIKE CRAZY DOWN IN THERE BECAUSE THERE WAS A SHORT GRAIN IN THERE.
SO IT WASN'T REALLY GREAT.
I SHOULD HAVE BEEN A LITTLE MORE CAREFUL IN PICKING MY WALNUT, AND I'VE GONE OVER TO HICKORY NOW.
BUT LET ME SHOW YOU HOW THAT WALNUT CREPT IN.
WHY DID I END UP USING INFERIOR WALNUT?
BECAUSE I WASN'T PAYING ATTENTION, AND THE PROCESS THAT I USED DID NOT REVEAL THE WEAKNESS IN THE WOOD.
WELL, LET ME SHOW YOU.
IF I TOOK A DOWEL PLATE LIKE THIS-- SO THIS IS A PLATE.
AGAIN, IT'S A FIXED TOOL LIKE WE HAVE HERE.
LET'S TRY THE WALNUT THROUGH THERE.
SET THIS OVER A HOLE.
I'M GONNA SET A PIECE OF WALNUT IN THERE.
AND I'D TRY AND DRIVE THIS THROUGH TO SHAVE OFF THE SIDES AND MAKE A PEG.
THE WEAKNESS IN THE WOOD WOULD BE REVEALED.
LOOK AT THAT.
IT SNAPPED RIGHT THE HECK OFF.
ALL RIGHT.
SO THIS IS A VERY ROUGH PROCESS, AND THAT WOULD HAVE REVEALED THE PEGS, AND I WOULD HAVE SAID, "AH, THAT'S NO GOOD.
GET RID OF THAT."
INSTEAD, THOUGH, I DID A DIFFERENT PROCESS.
I HAD A FANCY MACHINE.
I THOUGHT, OH, I'LL USE THIS.
I'LL USE MY DOWEL MAKER.
LET ME SHOW YOU THIS.
THIS IS A DOWEL CUTTER, A ROTARY DOWEL CUTTER JUST LIKE AN AUGER, A BRACE AND BIT.
IT'S CALLED A HOLLOW AUGER, AND IT HAS THIS ENDLESS PENCIL-SHARPENER TYPE HEAD ON IT.
I'M GONNA UNSCREW THIS ONE HERE SO YOU CAN SEE THE CUTTERS ARE INTERCHANGEABLE.
YOU CAN GET BIG ONES, SMALL ONES, THINGS LIKE THAT, DIFFERENT SIZES TO FIT.
AND IT'S HOLLOW.
THIS GOES ALL THE WAY THROUGH.
AND SO THIS ENDLESS PENCIL SHARPENER, AS IT SPINS, WILL TRIM THE WOOD THAT GOES THROUGH THIS HOLE.
OH, NOW THERE'S ONE OTHER THING RIGHT HERE.
IF YOU EVER SEE ONE OF THESE, YOU'LL SEE THAT THIS LITTLE BIT RIGHT HERE IS JUST ALL BUGGERED UP, IT'S ALL BEAT TO PIECES.
LIKE, WHY SHOULD THAT BE... BECAUSE THIS HAS A LEFT-HAND THREAD IN IT.
IT'S A LEFT-HAND THREAD IN THAT NUT TO KEEP THIS FROM TURNING AROUND, SO IT WILL GET TIGHTER.
ALL RIGHT.
SO REMEMBER, LEFT-HAND THREAD ON THE SCREW-MAKER.
HERE'S ONE IN PROCESS.
AND I'VE GOT A PIECE OF HICKORY, AND YOU'LL JUST SEE HOW THIS WORKS.
WELL, WITH THE WALNUT-- I'M GONNA GET IT GOING FAST.
SEE HOW THAT JUST SHAVES IT AROUND?
THIS HIGH-SPEED ROTARY MACHINING DOESN'T PUT AS MUCH STRESS-- THERE YOU GO.
A NICE PEG THERE.
DOESN'T PUT AS MUCH STRESS ON THE WOOD AS DRIVING THROUGH THE PLATE.
THUS THE WEAKNESS IN THE WOOD WAS NOT REVEALED, AND I ENDED UP WITH WEAK PEGS.
SO SOMETIMES THESE FANCY MACHINES CANNOT TELL YOU AS MUCH AS A SIMPLER, MORE BRUTAL PROCESS IN MAKING THESE.
BUT ANYWAY, WE'VE GOT NICE PEGS.
SO...THERE WE GO.
PEGS ARE DONE.
WHAT ELSE DO WE NEED TO DO?
LET'S DO THE HALF-LAP.
SO WE'VE GOT PEGS.
WE'VE GOT THE UPRIGHTS BORED.
NOW, THIS IS THE ONLY REAL JOINT IN THIS WHOLE THING THAT THE TEACHER WOULD HAVE US DO.
AND SO THIS IS-- LET ME SHOW YOU WHAT PIECE I'M TALKING ABOUT HERE.
THIS IS THE CROSS-LEG PART RIGHT HERE.
YOU CAN SEE THAT HALF-LAP JOINT DOWN IN THERE.
IT'S A LITTLE BIT TIGHT THERE.
SEE IF I CAN GET IT.
THERE YOU GO.
SEE HOW THESE FIT RIGHT OVER TOP OF EACH OTHER?
THESE ARE THE STRETCHERS, AND THEY'RE HALF-LAPPED THROUGH.
SO WE'RE GONNA SEE HOW TO CUT THAT JOINT.
AND AGAIN, LOOK AT MACHINES THAT ARE SOMETIMES FREE AND SOMETIMES FIXED, AND I'M GONNA USE A COMBINATION OF THE TWO.
NOW, I DON'T KNOW OF ANY SHOP TEACHER-- MAYBE THEY DID TEACH IT, BUT I DON'T REMEMBER IT-- THAT WOULD TALK ABOUT THE EVOLUTION OF MACHINES AND CHOICES THAT YOU WOULD MAKE BETWEEN THE OLD ARTISANSHIP, WHERE YOU SUPERIMPOSE PIECES, AND THE NEW, WHERE YOU PROGRAM A MACHINE TO MAKE MANY DUPLICATE PARTS.
WE'LL SEE.
WE'LL SEE A LITTLE BIT MORE OF THAT.
LET'S GO AHEAD AND FIND THE CENTER HERE.
SO I'VE GOT 14 1/2".
THIS IS LEFT LONGER THAN I NEED.
SO I NEED 7 1/4".
AND THEN I KNOW I'M 13/16ths.
I'M JUST GONNA DO IT LIKE HERE...OK.
SO I'M JUST GONNA FIND THAT ONE SIDE OF THE LAP, AND I'M GONNA CUT BOTH OF THESE PIECES HALFWAY DOWN, AND THEN THEY'LL BE CUT AND SO THAT THEY'LL DROP RIGHT DOWN FLUSH WITH EACH OTHER.
BUT WATCH HOW I DO IT.
I'M GONNA DO IT-- INSTEAD OF LAYING IT OUT HERE, I'M GONNA USE A RESTRICTED SAW.
A RESTRICTED SAW, A SAW FROM WHICH I HAVE TAKEN MUCH OF ITS FREEDOM.
THIS IS A MITER BOX.
SO I'M GONNA SET THIS PAIR OF WOOD, PAIR OF WOOD LENICES THAT I HAVE, UH...
MARKED OUT, AND I'M GONNA...
SAW DOWN WITH A SAW THAT CANNOT GO ANYTHING BUT STRAIGHT UP AND DOWN.
IT HAS TO GO IN THESE TRACKS STRAIGHT UP AND DOWN.
AND IT CAN ONLY WORK AT 90 DEGREES THE WAY IT'S SET TO THAT END SURFACE.
NOW, HAVING DONE THAT, I CAN JUST, YOU KNOW, STARE OFF INTO SPACE.
IT DOESN'T MATTER.
I'M JUST THE MOTOR RIGHT NOW.
RRR, RRR, RRR, RRR... JUST A MOTOR, BECAUSE THE INFORMATION HAS BEEN PROGRAMMED IN.
THAT'S ALL RIGHT.
I CAN JUST CONTEMPLATE AND THINK MORE PHILOSOPHIC THOUGHTS BECAUSE AS I GET CLOSE, THIS IS GONNA DROP DOWN ON THESE LITTLE SHOULDERS THAT I HAVE SET HERE.
LITTLE SHOULDERS THAT WILL THEN STOP IT.
SO THERE'S TWO LITTLE STOPS RIGHT THERE.
YOU CAN SEE HOW IT LANDED ON THE STOP THERE AND ON THE STOP BACK HERE.
WELL, I ELEVATED THEM JUST TO THE RIGHT HEIGHT SO THAT THEY STOPPED AT HALFWAY DOWN.
NOW IT WON'T CUT ANYMORE.
ALL RIGHT.
SO VERY NICE.
LET'S GO AHEAD AND CHANGE IT AROUND.
I'M GONNA SEE IF THESE ARE THE SAME THICKNESS, BECAUSE IF THEY'RE THE SAME THICKNESS, I CAN USE THE SAME SETTING.
SO I'M ACTUALLY FEELING IT RIGHT HERE TO SEE IF THEY ARE, AND THEY'RE NOT.
THEY'RE VERY SLIGHTLY DIFFERENT.
YOU CAN FEEL A LITTLE RIDGE RIGHT THERE.
SO IN ORDER TO LAY THIS OUT, I'M GOING TO SET ONE ON TOP.
SO HERE I'M COMBINING THAT PRECISION.
ALL RIGHT.
AND THEN THIS ONE GOES HERE.
I'M COMBINING THE PRECISION OF THE SAW THAT IS RESTRICTED IN TERMS OF 90 DEGREES VERTICAL AND ACROSS AND CUTTING THE DEPTH WITH A CUSTOM ADJUSTMENT ON THE DIFFERENT DEPTHS THERE.
YOU SEE, I HAVE TO OFFSET VERY SLIGHTLY.
I HAVE TO OFFSET THIS LINE HERE VERY SLIGHTLY IN ORDER FOR THIS LINE TO COME TOGETHER.
SO NOW IT CAN GO BACK INTO THE MITER BOX, AND I CAN SAW RIGHT ON THE WASTE SIDE OF THE LINES.
SO I'VE GOT TO LINE THESE UP JUST RIGHT.
TAKE A SECOND HERE.
SO THIS IS KIND OF A NEAT COMBINATION OF THE TWO-- A RESTRICTED MITER BOX THAT COULD BE USED FOR MANUFACTURING-- LET ME GET THIS BACK ONE RIGHT-- AND THE OLD WAY OF DOING IT, WHICH IS SUPERIMPOSING TWO PIECES.
AND I'M A LITTLE BIT TIGHT.
THIS MAY BE REAL TIGHT.
ALL RIGHT.
BUT I'LL JUST CUT DOWN UNTIL... WE'LL SEE.
I'LL HIT IT HARD WITH A MALLET.
HA HA HA!
THAT'S THE TIMELESS TECHNOLOGY.
ALL RIGHT.
AND AGAIN YOU SEE IT.
IT HIT.
IT BOTTOMS OUT.
IT'S HIT THOSE STOPS RIGHT THERE.
AND THOSE ARE ADJUSTABLE.
YOU COULD HAVE IT TO ANY DEPTH THERE.
SO NOW I'VE GOT THE TWO CUTS, AND I'M CERTAINLY ON THE WASTE SIDE OF THE LINE.
SO I MAY HAVE A TIGHT CUT.
NOW I'M GONNA POP THIS OUT WITH A MALLET.
WHERE IS MY MALLET?
UH!
SHOULD HAVE PUT THAT AWAY AFORETHOUGHT.
WE'LL GO AHEAD AND POP THIS OUT NOW WITH THE GRAIN.
I'LL START AGAIN A LITTLE BIT HIGH ON THE GRAIN HERE.
SO I'M NOT RIGHT TO THE END THERE.
ALL RIGHT.
AND THEN THIS ONE I'LL PARE OUT.
ALL RIGHT.
I JUST KIND OF SHAVE THE BOTTOM.
SO THE SHOULDERS ARE CUT.
SO WE SAW IT ACROSS THE GRAIN.
I WAS THINKING, IS IT THE SAW?
BECAUSE THE SAW IS FIXED IN A SENSE THAT THE WIDTH OF THE KERF IS STANDARD IN A SAW.
BUT A SAW, UNLESS YOU TAKE THE FREEDOM AWAY FROM IT, AS WE DO IN A MITER BOX, CAN BE STEERED.
YOU CAN STEER A SAW BECAUSE OF THE SET IN IT USUALLY.
OOP.
OOP.
AND SO IT'S NOT QUITE LIKE AN AUGER BIT, WHICH LOSES--OOP!
LOSES ALL OF ITS FREEDOM.
ALL RIGHT.
SO NOW I'LL WORK THAT DOWN.
GOSH, I WOULD HAVE BEEN THROWN OUT OF CLASS SO FAST BY NOW.
HA HA HA!
ALL RIGHT.
SO WE'LL GET THAT BOTTOM THERE CLEAR.
ALL RIGHT.
AND NOW WE'LL SEE HOW THE LAP GOES.
AND JUST SET ONE ON TOP OF THE OTHER.
YOU CAN SEE MY PENCIL LINE IS STILL THERE PRETTY PROMINENTLY.
YOU SEE THAT PENCIL LINE RIGHT THERE ON THAT EDGE?
AND THAT WHITE SPACE ON IT.
I SHOULD HAVE GONE RIGHT UP TO THAT.
SO THIS IS GONNA BE A PRETTY TIGHT FIT.
SO LET'S SEE.
THAT'S ALL RIGHT.
BETTER TOO TIGHT... OH, YEAH.
OK.
SO VERY NICE.
YOU CAN SEE THERE'S NO GAPS DOWN INSIDE THERE, A NICE FIT ON TOP, LEVEL ON THE OTHER SIDE.
THAT'S ALL RIGHT.
I'M GOOD.
ALL RIGHT.
LET'S CARRY ON.
NOW WE HAVE ONE MORE RESTRICTION.
WE'VE GOT OUR CROSSBARS.
I CAUGHT THE CHISEL IN MY HAND.
ISN'T THAT NICE?
WE'VE GOT TO BORE THIS ONE HERE.
AND SO THE WAY I'VE WORKED WAS TO FIND THE CENTER ON THIS PIECE.
HERE WE ARE.
FIND THE CENTER AND THEN THE SAME LINE DOWN THIS WAY.
SO THAT'S GIVEN ME A PLACE TO BORE.
AND THEN I'M GONNA ENGAGE A STOP ON THIS, BECAUSE I ONLY WANT TO GO DOWN AN INCH AND A QUARTER.
SO THIS IS A MECHANICAL STOP-- YOU CAN MAKE THESE OUT OF WOOD, THIS ONE IS JUST NICELY ADJUSTABLE HERE-- THAT WILL KIND OF WIND DOWN THE LANDS OF A SPIRAL AUGER UNTIL WE HAVE AN INCH AND A QUARTER EXPOSED, AND THEN WE CAN TIGHTEN THIS DOWN.
SO THIS KIND OF THING, IT'S RIDICULOUS.
IT MAKES IT LOOK LIKE THE EAGLE HAS LANDED WHEN YOU BORE WITH THIS THING.
BUT YOU'LL SEE.
THIS IS HOW WE WORK, BORING ONE HOLE.
ALL RIGHT.
SO I EYEBALL IT VERY CAREFULLY TO MAKE SURE I'M GOING DOWN STRAIGHT.
BUT MAINLY INSTEAD OF BORING BOTH HOLES IN THIS PIECE, I'M JUST GONNA BORE ONE-- ALL RIGHT-- AND I WILL THEN PUT THIS IN WITH THAT PEG.
ALL RIGHT.
SO LET'S TAP A PEG IN.
AND...AH, LET'S SEE.
GET IT THROUGH AND IN.
ALL RIGHT.
SO NOW THAT'S BOTTOMED OUT.
WE CAN THEN SAW THAT OFF.
SAWING IT OFF HIGH.
AND TO GET THE DARKNESS, THE END GRAIN, THE STAIN IS GONNA BE ABSORBED MORE INTO THIS PIECE.
I ALIGN THIS NOW AND THEN PUT THE AUGER-- ONCE THIS IS ALL SQUARED UP, PUT THE AUGER IN THIS HOLE, PUSH DOWN.
THAT NOW HAS TOLD ME WHERE TO BORE THE SECOND HOLE.
YOU CAN SEE IT RIGHT THERE.
RIGHT THERE.
ALL RIGHT.
WELL, THERE YOU GO.
SO NOW I'VE GOT TO GO SEE THE SCHOOL NURSE BECAUSE I'VE GONE AND CUT MY HAND MAKING A TABOURET.
IT'S A ROUGH PLACE HERE WHEN WE GO TO THE TABOURET, BUT NEVERTHELESS, WE'VE GOT SOMETHING, AND WON'T MOM BE PROUD?
AH, LESSONS FROM SCHOOL.
ALL RIGHT.
WELL, THANKS FOR JOINING ME.
THIS IS ROY UNDERHILL HERE IN "THE WOODWRIGHT'S SHOP."
MAY THE GRAIN BE WITH YOU ALWAYS.
WE'LL SEE YOU NEXT TIME.
SO LONG.
LEARN MORE ABOUT "THE WOODWRIGHT'S SHOP" AND TRADITIONAL WOODWORKING ON OUR WEBSITE.
YOU CAN FIND US ONLINE AT pbs.org.
MAJOR FUNDING FOR "THE WOODWRIGHT'S SHOP" IS PROVIDED BY... [CAT MEOWS] [THUNDER] [HORN HONKING] WHEN THE UNEXPECTED HAPPENS, STATE FARM HAS THE TOOLS TO GET YOU TO A BETTER STATE, PROUD SPONSOR OF "THE WOODWRIGHT'S SHOP."
ROY UNDERHILL IS THE AUTHOR OF "THE WOODWRIGHT'S GUIDE: WORKING WOOD WITH WEDGE AND EDGE," AS WELL AS OTHER BOOKS ON TRADITIONAL WOODWORKING, ALL PUBLISHED BY THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA PRESS AND AVAILABLE AT BOOKSTORES AND LIBRARIES.