Hammer Veneer

(male announcer) MAJOR FUNDING FOR THE WOODWRIGHT'S SHOP IS PROVIDED BY: (male announcer) WHETHER YOU'RE HELPING THEM LEARN HOW TO WALK...

I'M SO THERE.

OR TEACHING THEM TO DRIVE.

(girl) SORRY.

OH, YEAH; I'M THERE.

WHEREVER YOU ARE IN LIFE, STATE FARM IS THERE, PROUD SPONSOR OF THE WOODWRIGHT'S SHOP.

[horns beeping] [banjo strumming] [upbeat fiddle music] HEY, WELCOME BACK TO THE WOODWRIGHT'S SHOP.

I'M ROY UNDERHILL.

SO GLAD YOU COULD BE WITH US AGAIN AND JOIN OUR GOOD FRIENDS, MARCUS HANSON; HELLO, MARCUS.

ED WRIGHT.

WE'RE HERE AGAIN.

THAN FOR COMING BACK, 'CAUSE WE WORKED LAST TIME ON SOME VERY COMPLICATED VENEER WORK.

WE'RE GONNA DO SOMETHING A LITTLE SIMPLER THIS TIME.

YOU SHOWED US HOW TO DO THESE WONDERFUL-- THIS IS THE LID, AGAIN, OF THE TILL OF WHICH TOOLBOX NOW?

THE ONE MADE BY BENJAMIN SETON IN 1797 IN ENGLAND.

(Roy) IT'S AN INCREDIBLE PIECE OF WORKMANSHIP.

NOW, THIS IS JUST THE LID, AND WE SAW HOW TO DO THE BANDING AND SO FORTH AND HOW TO DO THE CROSSBANDING, THOSE LITTLE PIECES THERE.

BUT THERE'S ALSO DOING THESE BIG FIELDS, THIS KIND OF STUFF HERE, THIS KIND OF LARGE VENEER WORK IS, AGAIN, HAND-SAWN VENEER.

YOU'RE GONNA SHOW US HOW TO DO THAT.

AND I GUESS WE'VE GOT GOOD EXAMPLES ON THE DRAWER FRONTS, THESE MAGICAL DRAWERS.

IF WE MAKE ONE COME OUT-- IT'S AMAZING HOW THEY DO THAT.

SUCH POWER.

OH, LOOK AT THAT.

ALL RIGHT.

BUT THERE'S THE DRAWER.

AND THAT'S THE FRONT OF THE DRAWER IS COVERED WITH MAHOGANY.

BUT, OF COURSE, THE REST OF IT YOU CAN SEE IS THE REST OF THIS WONDERFUL OLD--WHAT IS IT?

THAT'S HEART PINE.

IT'S <> YELLOW PINE.

DANG, IT'S BEAUTIFUL.

AGAIN, THE WORK OF KAARE LOFTHEIM THERE AT THE CABINET SHOP OF WILLIAMSBURG, BUT YOU GUYS ARE GOING TO SHOW US HOW TO VENEER OUR DRAWERS SHOULD WE SO-- BE SO INCLINED.

YEAH, RIGHT, WONDERFUL.

LOOKS LIKE A NOVEL IDEA.

ALL RIGHT, SO WE'RE GONNA GO AHEAD AND SEE HOW TO SAW THESE OUT.

AND, AGAIN, I GUESS WE GOT TO BEGIN BY MOVING THIS OUT.

MOVE THE CHEST.

AND, MARCUS, YOU'RE GOING TO SHOW US HOW TO CUT OUT THE STUFF.

IS THAT RIGHT?

HOW TO PREPARE AND SAW THE VENEERS.

ALL RIGHT, SOUNDS GOOD.

AND I'LL HELP YOU GET SOME VENEER GLUED DOWN.

I LOVE IT.

ALL RIGHT, ALL RIGHT.

SO WE'RE GONNA START MAKING SOME HAND-SAWN VENEER.

AND THIS IS WHAT WE WANT TO GET-- WAIT, NOW, I SEE YOUR POINT.

NOW, THAT-- BUT THIS IS WHAT I NEED... THAT'S WHERE WE NEED TO BE, YES.

THIS BIG OLD BLOCK OF STUFF HERE.

BUT YOU'VE GOT TO GET DOWN TO THIS VERY THIN PLACARD HERE OF-- AND IN THIS CASE WALNUT, NOT MAHOGANY LIKE WE WERE TALKING ABOUT THERE.

ALL RIGHT, SO HERE WE GO.

YOU'RE GONNA GO FROM THIS PIECE HERE TO THIS PIECE.

I WANT TO SEE HOW YOU DO THAT.

OKAY, NOW, THIS MATERIAL THAT I'M WORKING WITH, THIS WALNUT IS FAIRLY PLAIN.

AND SO IT WILL WORK WELL WITH A HAND PLANE, A NICE SMOOTHING PLANE, SHARP.

SO I'LL TAKE A COUPLE PASSES AND SHOW YOU WHAT HAPPENS TO THIS.

SO THIS IS A SMOOTHING PLANE.

SO THAT'S--WHOA.

LOOK AT THAT.

THAT'S A GOSSAMER.

LOOK AT THAT.

THAT'S WONDERFUL STUFF.

GOSSAMER.

THAT'S ASTOUNDING THERE.

IT'S LIKE THE MORE YOU PLANE, THE THICKER THE PIECE GETS.

THAT'S IT.

VERY, VERY FINE STUFF.

NOW, LET'S TAKE A LOOK AT THIS PLANE HERE THOUGH.

THIS IS NOT AN ORDINARY PLANE.

THAT'S INCREDIBLE.

NO, THIS IS A VERY SPECIAL ONE.

THIS IS A PLANE THAT'S MADE OF BOXWOOD.

THAT'S WHAT'S SO ASTOUNDING, 'CAUSE THESE THINGS ARE USUALLYBEECH OR SOMETHING.

YES, ALMOST ALWAYS BEECH.

BUT THE BOXWOOD IS SO HEAVY AND DENSE.

THAT'S INCREDIBLE.

SO THIS HAS-- IT'S HAD EBONY PUT IN THERE.

YES, AND SOME TIME AGO, SO IT'S ALREADY WORN DOWN AGAIN.

SO WHAT YOU'RE TELLING ME IS THEN THIS THING WAS, LIKE, A HALF INCH OR SO THICKER DOWN AT THE BOTTOM, AND AS THE BOTTOM WORE, IT OPENED UP MORE OR LESS LIKE THIS, PROPORTIONALLY, YOU KNOW.

GOOD HEAVENS.

SO IT WAS THAT MUCH IT HAS WORN AWAY, AND THEN THEY PUT IN THAT EBONY TO CLOSE THE MOUTH UP.

THAT'S IT EXACTLY.

YEAH.

OKAY, 'CAUSE I GUESS-- BUT IT'S DUE FOR ANOTHER.

DUE FOR-- [laughs] IT IS, 'CAUSE THAT'S PRETTY OPEN.

ALL RIGHT, WELL, I'M JUST REALLY EXCITED ABOUT IT, 'CAUSE YOU JUST DON'T SEE A WONDERFUL BOXWOOD PLANE LIKE THAT.

ALL RIGHT, LET ME LET YOU GET BACK TO WORK.

SO YOU KEEP PLANING HERE.

KEEP PLANING, AND BRING IT ON DOWN.

WHAT ARE YOU AIMING FOR WITH ALL THIS?

WHAT I'D LIKE TO GET IS A SMOOTH AND FLAT SURFACE, BUT MORE IMPORTANTLY, PERHAPS I WANT TO GET A SURFACE ON THE WOOD THAT'S NOT TWISTED.

WHEN WE SAW A SHEET OF VENEER OUT OF THIS, IT'S IMPORTANT THAT ALL THE SCRIBE LINES I'LL USE TO SAW THE SAW LINE ARE PARALLEL TO ONE ANOTHER.

BECAUSE YOU'RE GONNA-- I MEAN, WHEN YOU GET DOWN TO IT, YOU'RE GONNA DO IT WITH THIS SAW.

YES, EXACTLY RIGHT.

A BIG OLD BLADE LIKE THAT-- AND IT TRACKS SO STRAIGHT, THIS SAW.

IT REALLY TRACKS STRAIGHT.

BUT IF THERE'S ANY DISCREPANCY IN THE LINES, THIS SAW WILL BIND, AND YOU'LL RUIN YOUR VENEER.

ALL RIGHT, SO THAT'S WHY THIS-- BECAUSE OF THE THICKNESS OF THIS BLADE, THAT'S GOT TO BE PARALLEL.

SO HOW DO YOU CHECK FOR PARALLEL?

THE WAY I DO THIS IS WITH WINDING STICKS.

I'VE GOT A NICE PAIR HERE.

OH, ALL RIGHT.

AND THESE ALLOW ME TO GAUGE THE SURFACE.

I'LL PUT ONE ON THAT END; YOU CAN DO THAT.

ALL RIGHT.

AND I CAN SIGHT ACROSS THE TOP OF THESE STICKS.

AND IF THEY LINE UP WITH ONE ANOTHER, THEN I HAVE A WONDERFULLY PARALLEL SURFACE.

IF ONE IS CANTED UP LIKE THAT, YOU'LL SEE-- I MEAN, EVEN THE SLIGHTEST BIT, YOU'LL SEE IT.

OH, YEAH, ONE SHAVING.

EVEN THOSE FINE SHAVINGS WILL THROW IT OFF.

THAT'S AMAZING.

SO THAT'S THE-- WELL, I SAY "AMAZING," BUT IT'S A VERY OLD TRICK THERE...

YES.

LINING THESE UP USING THE WINDING STICKS.

ALL RIGHT, NOW, I'M SOLD ON THIS.

YOU CAN GET THESE THINGS PARALLEL AND SMOOTH, BUT YOU'VE ALSO GOT-- I DON'T CARE HOW GOOD THAT SMOOTH PLANE IS.

IT'S GONNA HAVE A TOUGH TIME IN THIS STUFF HERE.

THAT'S REALLY DIFFICULT MATERIAL.

I'VE GOT A PIECE OF IT HERE IN THE SAME THING, AND IT HAS ALL THIS FIGURE IN IT THAT WON'T PLANE AT ALL WITH A SMOOTHING PLANE.

BUT I DO HAVE ANOTHER OPTION, WHICH IS A TOOTHING PLANE.

A TOOTHING?

ALL RIGHT, NOW, THIS-- AGAIN, CURLY MAPLE.

OKAY, SO THIS IS THE TOOL TO TACKLE-- WELL, LET ME SEE YOU DO THAT.

OKAY.

SO IF YOU HAVE TO HAVE THAT DEAD FLAT, THEN, YOU KNOW, YOU'D BE VERY LIMITED IF YOU HAD TO DO THIS ALL WITH PLANES, BECAUSE OFTEN WITH VENEER WORK, YOU WANT TO GET THE GNARLIEST, I MEAN, OYSTER SHELL-- THE MOST BEAUTIFUL STUFF IS USUALLY DESIRABLE.

RIGHT, WELL, THAT'S THE HARDEST TO WORK.

THIS IS WHAT HAPPENS-- REALLY NICE.

LOOK AT THAT.

SO THOSE LITTLE TINY TEETH ARE JUST EATING IT DOWN.

YES, AND AMAZING.

[laughs] WONDERFUL STUFF, WONDERFUL STUFF.

A LITTLE-- IT'S JUST CHIPPING IT DOWN.

YES, IT'S REALLY-- BUT IT LEAVES A SURFACE WHICH IS NOT PERFECTLY SMOOTH, BUT IT IS VERY FLAT, WHICH IS THE ISSUE, REALLY.

DEAD FLAT, OKAY.

SO YOU DON'T HAVE ANY OF THOSE CURVES AND NONE OF THAT TEAR OUT.

AND THIS IS GOOD.

IS THIS THE KIND OF THING YOU CAN GO WITH WITH THE VENEERING?

ABSOLUTELY.

IN FACT, IT SERVES ITS PURPOSE, BECAUSE THE SURFACES THAT ARE GLUED DOWN, AS YOU'LL SEE, ARE TYPICALLY TOOTHED ANYWAY.

SO I COULD USE THAT SURFACE TO GLUE DOWN.

ALL RIGHT, SO THAT'S THE SURFACE NOW, BUT YOU'VE STILL GOT TO CUT THIS STUFF UP.

SORRY.

IT'S HAND-CUT VENEER, SO YOU'VE GOT TO START SOME HAND CUTTING.

WHICH FACE DO YOU GO FROM HERE?

I HAVE A CUTTING GAUGE OR A LITTLE KNIFE.

IT HAS THAT NEAT KNIFE BLADE TO IT THERE.

YOU CAN SEE THIS BLADE IS A KNIFE PARALLEL TO THE FENCE INSTEAD OF JUST A SCRATCHER LIKE SOME PEOPLE HAVE THERE.

AND YOU PREFER THIS FOR THIS WORK?

FOR EVERYTHING, ACTUALLY.

I NEVER USE ONE WITH A LITTLE BRAD IN THERE.

I ALWAYS MY KNIFE.

BUT WHAT I'LL DO NOW IS MARK ALL COMPLETELY AROUND THE EDGE THAT I'VE SMOOTHED AND FLATTENED.

ALL RIGHT.

AND IT LEAVES QUITE A VISIBLE LINE ON THERE.

SO THIS LINE-- ALL THE WAY AROUND ALL FOUR-- ALL THE WAY AROUND.

AND SINCE IT WAS CHECKED WITH THE WINDING STICKS, THESE LINES RUN RIGHT THROUGH TO ONE ANOTHER.

SO WHEN I CLAMP THIS UP IN THE VISE-- ALL RIGHT, I'LL GIVE THAT A TWIST THERE.

SO THIS GOT TO BE GOOD AND SOLID HERE.

AND I THINK MY BENCH TOP IS ROCKING A LITTLE BIT, SO I'M GONNA HOLD IT A LITTLE BIT WHILE YOU WORK.

OKAY, SOUNDS GOOD.

AND HERE'S YOUR SAW; HOLY MOLY.

OH, BEAUTIFUL SAW, REPRODUCTION OF AN 18TH-CENTURY ONE.

THIS WAS MADE IN WILLIAMSBURG BY GEORGE WILSON.

OH, THIS IS FANTASTIC.

ALL RIGHT, SO AGAIN, HOW MANY WAS IT, ABOUT EIGHT?

THIS IS AN EIGHT-POINT, AND THAT'S MY FAVORITE SAW.

AS I MENTIONED EARLIER, I CAN'T REALLY SPOT IT THERE.

BUT NOW, HAVE I GOT THIS CLAMPED AT THE RIGHT HEIGHT?

YES, I THINK THAT'S GOOD.

A LITTLE BIT FOR YOU OUT OF THE VISE.

ALL RIGHT, BUT LET'S SEE HOW YOU DO.

WHAT I'LL DO IS, I'LL SAW.

AND ONE OF THE TRICKS THAT MAKES THIS WORK REALLY WELL IS TO ONLY SAW ON THE LINES THAT ARE CLEARLY MARKED.

SO I'M SAWING ON THE LINE WHICH I'VE MADE ON MY SIDE OF THE PLANK, AND I'M SAWING ON THE LINE WHICH IS ACROSS THE END.

ONCE IT'S IN THERE, IT'LL WANT TO TRACK PRETTY SMOOTH.

NOW, IT SMELLS SO GOOD.

THIS IS THE WALNUT NOW.

MAHOGANY ACTUALLY, I UNDERSTAND, HAS SOME DETRIMENTAL HEALTH EFFECTS.

I'VE HEARD.

[fake choking] [laughs] NO, BUT SERIOUSLY.

DIDN'T YOU HAVE A MASTER OF THE OLD SHOP THAT YOU'RE IN IN THE 18TH CENTURY-- THERE IS A THOUGHT THAT ONE OF THE OLD MASTERS DIED FROM MAHOGANY POISONING, BUT APPARENTLY, IT DOESN'T HAPPEN IN MODERN TIMES IN OUR SHOP.

OKAY, WELL, YOU HAVEN'T LOST ANYBODY YET.

NOT YET.

ALL RIGHT, SO THAT'S ONE DIAGONAL.

FLIP IT AROUND.

SAW FROM THE OTHER SIDE.

ALL RIGHT.

AND THE BEAUTY PART OF SAWING BACK AND FORTH IN THIS MANNER IS THAT NOW I REALLY NEED TO PAY VERY LITTLE ATTENTION TO THE BACK SIDE.

THE BLADE WILL ORDINARILY JUST TRACK IN THAT BACK SIDE.

I'LL WORK MY WAY DOWN.

AND ONCE IT GETS IN THERE, THEN I CAN SAW FAIRLY VIGOROUSLY.

SO THIS IS THE WAY GUYS-- I MEAN, THERE MUST HAVE BEEN BIGGER SAWS.

THERE ARE TWO-MAN SAWS FOR DOING THIS.

YES, WE HAVE AN ENORMOUS ONE THAT'S A TWO-MAN SAW FOR SAWING SHEETS WIDER THAN 8 INCHES.

AND HOW THIN CAN YOU SAW THE VENEER?

I MEAN, THAT'S NOT THE OBJECTIVE IS TO GET IT VERY THIN.

WELL, ACTUALLY, IT'S BETTER NOT, IN A WAY, FOR THIS TECHNIQUE.

BUT WE HAVE SAWED IT DOWN TO A 1/32, WHICH IS NOT SO THIN BY MODERN STANDARDS, BUT IT'S PRETTY THIN.

IT'S TWICE THIS THIN.

BUT ACTUALLY, THIS IS A VERY HANDY TECHNIQUE.

THIS IS WONDERFUL.

AND YOU'RE CUTTING IT ABOUT A 1/TH OF AN INCH.

JUST ABOUT A 1/16, BUT IF IT WERE DRESSED-- WHEN IT IS DRESSED, IT'LL BE RIGHT AT A 1/16.

ALL RIGHT, SO HERE WE GO.

THAT'S THE--AND THIS IS WHAT WE'RE GONNA GET DOWN TO AFTER-- HOW LONG TO DO A PIECE ABOUT THIS-- I THINK THIS PIECE WILL PROBABLY BE ABOUT 20 MINUTES, MAYBE A LITTLE LESS, THAT ONE, BUT AROUND 20 MINUTES.

YEAH, SO YOU JUST KIND OF GET IN THE GROOVE AND THEN SAW.

IT'S VERY DOING-- PLEASANT, REALLY.

REALLY?

YEAH, IT'S NOT-- THIS GUY'S SAWING.

WE KNOW HE'S-- NO ONE BOTHERS ME.

YEAH, YOU MIGHT WANT TO KEEP THAT IN MIND.

ALL RIGHT, OKAY; WELL, I CAN LEAVE YOU ALONE RIGHT NOW IF THIS IS READY TO GO DO ED.

GO AHEAD, YES.

ALL RIGHT, LET ME TAKE THE-- 'CAUSE I WANT TO LOOK AT THIS MORE.

HE'S GONNA USE A TOOTHING PLANE ON IT, AND I'D LIKE TO CHECK THIS ONE OUT.

I'LL TAKE THAT.

ALL RIGHT.

WHAT WHAT WE'RE GONNA NEED TO DO NOW IS TO CONTINUE, ACTUALLY, WITH THE TOOTHING PLANE.

WE HAD A CLEAN SURFACE THAT WAS MADE FIRST, AND THEN YOU HAD A SAWN SURFACE.

AND THIS HAS ALREADY BEEN PREPPED A BIT.

AND THE TOOTHING PLANE IS ALSO GOOD FOR REMOVING THE SAWN TEXTURE.

OKAY, 'CAUSE YOU HAD ONE SMOOTH SURFACE.

NOW YOU'VE GOT A SAWN SURFACE ON THE OTHER SIDE.

RIGHT, NOW WE CAN COME BACK WITH THE TOOTHING PLANE AND CONTINUE TO WORK THAT DOWN.

AND IF I EMPHASIZE THIS AREA HERE A BIT-- NOW, WHEN YOU'RE WORKING WITH THIS, YOU NEED TO MAKE CERTAIN THAT YOUR BENCH IS NICE AND FLAT.

I DON'T KNOW THAT WE HAVE THAT HERE.

WE DON'T HAVE THAT HERE?

NO.

WELL, WE CAN WORK AROUND THIS.

BUT WHAT THIS MEANS IS THAT, PERIODICALLY, YOU NEED TO GET DOWN AND CHECK WITH YOUR SQUARE AND MAKE SURE THINGS ARE FLAT.

OH, NO KIDDING?

YEAH, BECAUSE IF YOUR EDGES ARE TOO THIN AND THICKER IN THE MIDDLE, IF IT'S LOST SOME SHAPE, YOU'RE GONNA HAVE A TOUGH TIME TRYING TO GET THOSE EDGES DOWN.

ALL RIGHT, SO IT'S GOT TO BE EVEN.

SO YOU GOT TO CHECK AND MAKE SURE THAT ALL OF THAT IS GONNA BE COMING NICE AND EVEN.

NOW, THE BEAUTY OF THE TOOTHING PLANE IS THAT IT HAS THAT SERRATED EDGE.

AND IT COMPLETELY IGNORES GRAIN, IGNORES FIGURES, SO I CAN DO THIS.

TURN IT AROUND.

THAT AREA WHERE I HAD MY CLAMP, WHICH WAS IN THE WAY, AND I COULDN'T PLANE THERE.

I CAN STILL-- NOW I CAN GO THERE.

EVERYTHING'S FINE; NOTHING'S TEARING OUT.

IT'S NOT GRABBING AT ALL.

IT'S NOT GRABBING AT ALL.

SO IT DOESN'T MATTER WHICH WAY THE GRAIN IS GOING?

NO, I COULD EVEN GO THIS WAY, SKEWED.

I CAN DO ACROSS THE GRAIN.

YOU'RE FINE.

YOU'RE ABSOLUTELY FINE.

NOW, THAT'S A LITTLE DIFFERENT TOOTHING PLANE THAN THE ONE-- YEAH, THEY DO VARY A LITTLE BIT.

OKAY, LET'S HOLD THEM UP.

THIS ONE'S GOT A MUCH STEEPER IRON THERE.

MUCH MORE OF A SCRAPING ACTION TO THE ANGLE.

AND THIS ONE KIND OF HAS A LITTLE MORE BACK KICK TO IT.

THIS ONE'S A BIT MORE AGGRESSIVE, ALSO NOT ONLY BECAUSE OF THE ANGLE BUT BECAUSE OF THE CHARACTER OF THE TEETH.

LET'S TAKE TS ONE APART.

YEAH, I'D LOVE TO SEE INSIDE THERE.

WHEN DO YOU EVER GET TO SEE INSIDE?

BECAUSE THEY REALLY DO VARY A LOT.

AND THAT'S THE PROPER WAY TO LOOSEN THAT?

THAT'S THE WAY TO DO IT, JUST REAL GENTLY.

IT'S JUST RESPECT FOR THE TOOL.

ALL RIGHT.

OH, YEAH.

LET'S TAKE THIS OUT.

YEAH, GET ALL THAT OFF.

SEE THAT SURFACE THERE?

YEAH.

SEE ALL THOSE GROOVES?

YEAH.

OKAY, WHEN THEY'RE MANUFACTURED, BEFORE THE STEEL IS TEMPERED, AND IT'S SOFT AND WORKABLE, THE WORKERS TOOK A CHISEL, AND THEY'VE CUT THESE GROOVES.

"CH, CH, CH, CH, CH, CH."

SO AGAIN, THAT'S DONE BY EYE.

DONE BY EYE.

THEY'RE SLIGHTLY IRREGULAR.

BUT THAT CREATES YOUR SERRATIONS.

YOU HAVE A TEXTURED SURFACE HERE WHICH CREATES YOUR SAWTOOTH EDGE.

BUT LOOK AT THE BEVEL.

SO THE BEVEL IS JUST LIKE A REGULAR PLANE.

THAT'S RIGHT, AND YOU CAN SHARPEN IT LIKE YOU WOULD AN ORDINARY BEVEL-EDGED POINT.

BUT YOU ONLY SHARPEN, OF COURSE, ON THE BEVEL SIDE.

THAT'S RIGHT.

AND IF YOU GET ONE OF THESE, PROBABLY NOT WISE TO TRY AND TAKE OUT THESE SERRATIONS, 'CAUSE YOU'VE GOT A VERY-- YOU CAN STILL WIPE THE BURRER OFF AS YOU NORMALLY WOULD.

OH, REALLY?

AND THAT WON'T BE A PROBLEM.

JUST ONE SWIPE OR SO.

BUT DON'T PUT THE STONE ON THAT SIDE.

NO, NOT REALLY AT ALL.

OTHERWISE IT REALLY WILL DULL THEM DOWN.

BUT, YEAH.

YOU SURE WOULDN'T WANT TO MESS WITH ONE OF THESE THINGS, BECAUSE THEY'RE PRETTY SCARCE, AREN'T THEY?

THEY ARE SCARCE.

YEAH, I FOUND THIS ONE, ACTUALLY, IN ENGLAND.

HUH.

AND IT WAS A REAL BEAUTY, AND IT WAS A REAL BARGAIN.

WELL, BUT WHEN YOU GET THESE THINGS, THEY'RE SO RARE NOW AS ANTIQUES.

DOES THAT MEAN THEY WERE RARELY USED BACK THEN?

NO, NOT AT ALL.

YOU'LL FIND THE SURFACES OF THESE THINGS ON A LOT OF OLD FURNITURE, 18TH-CENTURY PIECES AND ALSO UNDERNEATH THE VENEER.

THERE'S ALSO AN IMPORTANT ISSUE WHEN YOU'RE USING THE TOOTHING PLANE.

NOW, WHEN YOU'RE WORKING WITH THESE VENEERS, THIS TEXTURED SURFACE, FROM THE TOOTHING PLANE THAT WE'VE CREATED HERE, OKAY, THAT'S GONNA BE THE GLUE SIDE.

RIGHT.

BUT WE ALSO NEED TO USE THE TOOTHING PLANE OVER HERE IN THE SUBSTRATE.

LET'S GO OVER HERE.

I'LL GET OUT OF YOUR WAY.

OKAY, SO HERE WE HAVE A PIECE THAT WE'RE GOING TO GLUE DOWN.

AND HERE'S THE SUBSTRATE, WHICH I'VE JUST PLANED OUT.

VERY SMOOTH.

BUT IT'S VERY SMOOTH.

EVERYTHING'S FINE.

BUT NOW, WHEN THEY'RE WORKING WITH THESE VENEERS MANY TIMES, THEY WANT TO GLUE THE VENEERS IN PATTERNS, WHICH MEANS YOU HAVE TO GET THE PIECES PLACED JUST SO.

BUT WHEN THEY'RE SMOOTH SURFACES, IT'S HARD TO GET THAT PLACE AND WORK WITH IT, BECAUSE THINGS WANT TO SLIDE AROUND.

SO THAT GLUE IS LIKE GREASE.

IT'S LIKE GREASE, RIGHT.

EVERYTHING SLIPS AROUND.

GLUE-LIKE GREASE.

OKAY.

WE CAN TEXTURE THIS SURFACE.

ALL RIGHT.

SO NOT VERY MUCH.

NO.

I'M NOT INTERESTED, REALLY, IN THICKNESS.

THERE ARE MYTHS ABOUT THAT TOOTHING THING-- OR NOT MYTHS, BUT IT DOES A LOT OF THINGS.

PEOPLE SAY IT'S TO DO ONE JOB, BUT WE'VE SEEN IT FOR LEVELING.

AND HERE IT'S TO KEEP THE VENEER FROM SLIPPING.

RIGHT.

WHAT DOES IT DO WITH GLUE THOUGH AS IT GLUES?

DOES IT MAKE IT GRIP LIKE PEOPLE SAY?

NOT REALLY.

YOU WILL STILL HAVE TRACE ELEMENTS OF GLUE LEFT IN IT, BECAUSE, OF COURSE, OF THE LITTLE GAPS, LITTLE GROOVES IN THERE.

BUT MOST OF THAT GLUE IS GOING TO BE WORKED OUT OUT OF NECESSITY, BECAUSE YOU DON'T WANT-- THE GLUE WE'RE GONNA BE USING WORKS BEST IN THIN SECTIONS.

AND THAT'S THE NEXT THING WE WANT TO DO, IS TO GET THAT PIECE OF VENEER GLUED DOWN.

SO LET'S GO AHEAD AND UNCLAMP.

THIS IS DONE.

OKAY, NOT AT ALL.

SO GLUING HAS GOT TO GO FAST NOW.

GLUING HAS TO GO FAST, BECAUSE WE'RE GONNA BE USING HOT ANIMAL HIDE GLUE, WHICH IS WHAT I'VE GOT COOKING ON YOUR STOVE.

OH, BUT WE GOT TO GO-- SHOW US.

I SAW SOME GRANULAR GLUE.

CAN WE TAKE A LOOK AT THAT REAL QUICK?

OH, SURE.

AND JUST TELL ME ABOUT THE PREPARATION, 'CAUSE I THINK THIS IS AN UNUSUAL THING.

THIS IS GRANULAR GLUE.

OKAY, THIS ESSENTIALLY IS JUST PROCESSED PROTEIN BOILED DOWN FROM ANIMAL SKINS.

SO WHEN PEOPLE SAY, "SENDING THE POOR HORSE TO THE GLUE FACTORY," THEY WEREN'T KIDDING.

I'M AFRAID IT'S LEGIT.

OH, MY GOODNESS.

THIS IS THE REAL THING.

SO IT'S LONG MOLECULE ANIMAL PROTEIN.

AND WE MIX THIS WITH WATER AND THEN COOK IT UP IN A DOUBLE BOILER.

OKAY, SO THAT'S THE BEGINNING.

SO YOU MIX IT WITH WATER.

I'VE ALWAYS HEARD YOU HAVE TO SOAK IT FIRST TO LET IT-- LIKE GELATIN.

YEAH, NOWADAYS WHEN YOU BUY THIS STUFF, IT'S PRETTY CONCENTRATED SO THAT THAT WAY YOU CAN MAYBE SOAK IT FOR AN HOUR, TWO HOURS, AND THEN BEGIN TO GO AHEAD AND COOK IT.

YOU KIND OF HAVE-- BUT YOU WANT TO USE A DOUBLE BOILER.

THAT'S WHAT YOU NEED IF YOU'RE DOING HAND HISTORICAL VENEER.

THIS IS WHAT YOU WANT TO USE.

THIS IS WHAT YOU WANT TO USE.

YOU CAN GO GET THE GLUE.

ALL RIGHT, I GOT IT.

AND WE'RE GONNA PUT THIS DOWN.

ALL RIGHT, AND AGAIN, YOU DON'T WANT TO GET IT TOO HOT.

I'VE GOT A DOUBLE BOILER BACK HERE ON THE STOVE.

YEAH, AND IT'S WARM.

OKAY.

BUT I CAN HOLD IT STILL.

IT'S NOT HOT.

EXCELLENT.

YOU DON'T WANT THIS GLUE TO BE TOO HOT.

OKAY, BUT WE'VE GOT THIS KIND OF LIKE A HEAT BATTERY WITH THIS DOUBLE BOILER HERE, AND THAT WILL KEEP THIS GLUE, THIS HISTORICAL GLUE READY TO GO.

ALL RIGHT, SO EVERYTHING'S GOT TO BE READY.

EVERYTHING'S GOT TO BE READY.

OKAY, SO-- I SEE BRUSHES.

OUR BRUSHES, THERE'S ONE FOR YOU, ONE FOR ME.

NOW, A CHARACTERISTIC OF HIDE GLUE IS THAT IT DOESN'T INTERFERE WITH THE SURFACES.

SAY YOU'RE GONNA GET GLUE ON AN EXPOSED SURFACE YOU WANT TO STAIN OR FINISH.

IT WON'T CREATE ANY PROBLEMS WHATSOEVER, BIG DIFFERENCE FROM YOUR MODERN GLUES.

HUH.

NOW, THAT'S A BIG ADVANTAGE WHEN YOU'RE WORKING WITH VENEERS, BECAUSE THIS IS GONNA BE MY GLUE SURFACE.

IF I BRUSH GLUE JUST ON THIS SURFACE, WHAT'S GONNA HAPPEN?

OH, IT'S GONNA CURL THE OTHER WAY, BECAUSE THE WOOD'S GONNA EXPAND ON THIS FACE BUT NOT ON THIS FACE.

SO WHAT I'M GONNA DO IS BRUSH GLUE ON BOTH FACES.

SO THERE'S EQUAL-- EQUAL STABILITY.

YOU ALWAYS WANT THIN WOOD TO HAVE EQUAL TREATMENT.

EQUAL STABILITY.

SO INSTEAD OF JUST TWO SURFACES, WE'RE GONNA WORK WITH THREE SURFACES.

ALL RIGHT, I'M READY.

I'LL PUT THE GLUE ON THIS ONE.

ON THAT SUBSTRATE.

AND I'LL PUT THE GLUE ON THE VENEER.

AND OKAY, LET'S GET THE BRUSHES ALL NICELY SOAKED WITH GLUE.

YOU GO AHEAD.

ALL RIGHT, HERE WE GO.

AND YOU GOT TO WORK FAST.

THIS STUFF'S KIND OF THICK.

THERE WE GO.

HERE WE GO.

GLUE GOING ON, GOING ON.

OKAY, KIND OF THICK.

IT SMELLS GOOD.

CHEKHOV WROTE ABOUT THE SMELL OF GLUE IN THE CARPENTER'S SHOPS.

IT'S KIND OF A WONDERFUL TRADITIONAL SMELL.

SAYS A LOT WHERE HE WAS HANGING OUT.

[laughs] OH, BROTHER.

IT'S NOT MY BAG AT ALL.

THE OLD DOCTOR THERE.

HERE, LET'S SEE.

YOU'RE MISSING A LITTLE BIT ON THE END THERE.

THAT'S OKAY.

YEAH, THAT'S GOOD.

I'M GONNA GET RIGHT THERE.

SORRY ABOUT THAT SPOT.

ALL RIGHT, IT'S GOOD.

AWAY IT GOES INTO THE WATER.

NOW WE GO HERE.

AND NOW THE NEXT STEP IS NOT ACTUALLY TO CLAMP THIS BUT TO USE THIS TOOL CALLED A VENEER HAMMER.

SO YOU HAMMER IT DOWN.

RIGHT.

BUT IT'S NOT A HAMMER.

IT'S NOT A HAMMER.

IT'S A SQUEEGEE TOOL.

SO THIS IS WORKING.

WE'RE GONNA RUN NICE AND NEAT, PUSH ALL THAT GLUE OUT.

THAT'S SO FUNNY.

I WOULD THINK YOU WOULD WANT TO PUT YOUR HAND ON THERE AND REALLY PUSH.

REMEMBER WHEN I WAS TALKING ABOUT MAKING SURE THAT THOSE SURFACES WERE ACCURATE, IF YOU HAVE THIN EDGES?

IF YOU'VE BEEN REAL COGNIZANT ABOUT THAT, YOU REALLY HAVE NO REASON TO BE PUSHING HARD.

OKAY, SO LIKE A DOVETAIL AND MORTISE AND TENON JOINT, AGAIN, IT'S THE JOINT THAT NEEDS TO FIT, EVEN THOUGH IT'S JUST TWO FLAT SURFACES.

IT'S THE ACCURACY.

RIGHT.

NOW, IF YOU COULD TAKE THAT-- AND SPAN IT.

IF YOU COULD TAKE THAT RAG, AND IF YOU COULD SOAK IT DOWN IN THAT WATER BATH, BECAUSE THE GLUE IS STARTING TO DRY NOW HERE ON THE TOP.

AND IF IT DOES, THE GLUE HASN'T REALLY SET VERY WELL.

NOW MAKE SURE IT'S NOT TOO SOPPING.

WRING THAT OUT.

NOT TOO SOPPING, 'CAUSE THAT MIGHT EFFECT MY GLUE.

THERE WE GO.

JUST KEEP IT MOIST.

AND THAT KIND OF LUBRICATES THAT TOP TOO FOR YOU SO YOU CAN SLIDE YOUR VENEER HAMMER ALONG.

MAKE SURE I GET THE CORNERS.

AND THIS IS CALLED HAMMER VENEER?

HAMMER VENEERING, RIGHT.

AS OPPOSED TO WHAT?

AS OPPOSED TO CLAMPING, CALLS, LOCKS, WHICH HAVE TO BE WAXED.

AND THAT'S DIFFICULT TO DO SOMETIMES WHEN YOU'RE DOING LARGER SURFACES, A LITTLE BIT MORE DIFFICULT, BECAUSE YOU CAN'T GET YOUR CLAMPS IN, YOU KNOW, FROM THE EDGES, OR YOU NEED PRESSES FOR LARGER SHEETS.

BUT AGAIN, BECAUSE A LOT OF THE DECORATION WORK THEY'RE DOING IN THE 18TH CENTURY OFTEN EMPLOYS VENEERS TO CREATE FANCY CONTRIVED PATTERNS, THEY'RE WORKING WITH SMALL PIECES JUST ALL BROUGHT TOGETHER.

SO IT'S A LOT EASIER.

YOU KNOW, YOU'RE NOT HAVING TO WORRY ABOUT ALL OF THESE, YOU KNOW, LARGE, LARGE SHEETS.

NOW, THEY DO THAT CERTAINLY FOR, LIKE, TABLETOPS.

YOU'LL SEE MAHOGANY VENEER, BEAUTIFUL PIECES THAT ARE GLUED ON.

NOW I GOT TO CHECK.

[light tapping noises] WHAT ARE YOU-- I'M LISTENING TO SEE IF THERE ARE ANY VOIDS, ANY PLACES WHERE I DON'T HAVE GOOD CONTACT.

THAT SOUNDS GOOD.

BOY, THAT SOUNDS GOOD.

THAT SOUNDS GOOD.

LET ME BORROW THAT RAG.

OKAY, NOW, IF THE-- NOW, THE VENEER-- THE GLUE HAS GELLED, BUT IT HASN'T FULLY CURED.

AND YOU DON'T WANT THIS UPPER SURFACE TO TRY OUT TOO QUICKLY.

SO WHAT I'M GONNA DO IS JUST SIMPLY TAKE MY CLOTH, WRING IT OUT A LITTLE BIT, AND WE'RE GONNA DRAPE THE CLOTH OVER THE SURFACE.

THIS WILL ALLOW THE VENEER TOP SURFACE AND THE GLUE SIDE TO COOL, CURE ALL EVENLY.

EVERYTHING IS DRYING UNIFORMLY.

SO IT SLOWS DOWN THE OUTSIDE EQUAL TO THE INSIDE.

EQUAL TO THE INSIDE.

THAT WAY-- STABILITY IS THE BIG ISSUE.

AND IT'S GOT TO SIT THERE HOW LONG?

TWO HOURS TOPS.

NO KIDDING?

TWO HOURS TOPS, AND YOU CAN COME BACK, CUT, TRIM, DO WHATEVER YOU REALLY NEED TO DO.

IN FACT, I'VE GOT A PIECE OF VENEER HERE.

YEAH, I WAS GONNA SAY I SAW YOU HAD A PIECE.

I HAVE A PIECE HERE THAT I DID JUST A LITTLE WHILE AGO.

SO LET'S-- IT'S ALL DRIED.

SO LET'S PULL IT OFF HERE.

YEAH.

OKAY, ALL NICE AND NEAT.

[laughs] OKAY, YOU CAN FEEL IT'S REAL-- SO HERE A BIG DRAWER FRONT.

AND THAT'S--THIS IS MAHOGANY ON TULIP POPLAR.

ON TULIP POPLAR, RIGHT.

WOW.

BUT IF YOU NOTICE STILL THE VENEER, WHILE THIS IS KIND OF A LITTLE ON THE THIN SIDE, MAYBE, THEN YOU SEE ON SOME PIECES, THIS STILL HAS ROOM TO BE ABLE TO BE WORKED CLEAN.

OKAY, IN THIS INSTANCE HERE, YOU STILL HAVE SOME TOOTHING PLANE MARKS.

YOU STILL NEED TO SMOOTH IT OUT.

AND SO MARCUS IS GONNA HANDLE SOME SCRAPING.

OKAY, OKAY, GREAT.

AND THANK YOU.

THIS IS GREAT.

WE'RE GONNA SEE HOW WE BRING THIS DOWN NOW.

WE'VE GOT-- WE HAVE A PROBLEM HERE, SIR.

WE GOT TOOTHING PLANE MARKS ON OUR MAHOGANY.

IS THAT RIGHT?

AGAIN, MAHOGANY.

ALL RIGHT.

ALL RIGHT, SO I WANT TO SEE HOW YOUR CABINET SCRAPING TECHNIQUE WORKS, BUT EVEN MORE THAN THAT, I WANT TO SEE A LITTLE BIT ABOUT HOW YOU BURNISH YOUR SCRAPER, BECAUSE I KNOW EVERYBODY HAS A DIFFERENT TECHNIQUE.

OH, YES, INDEED.

AND I CAN ASK EVERYBODY AND ALWAYS GET SOMETHING NEW.

SHARP; NOW WE'RE GONNA GO OVER IT.

OKAY, AND WHAT I'M GONNA DO NOW IS, I HAVE A FIRST SHARPENING ON THIS SCRAPER.

SO IT'S QUITE AGGRESSIVE.

OKAY.

WOW, OKAY.

YEAH, YOU JUST SEE THAT INCREDIBLE WAY THAT IT'S SHAVING UP.

IT'S ROLLING UP SHAVINGS THAT HAVE INTEGRITY.

IT'S NOT DUST.

IT IS TAKING AN ACTUAL SHAVING WITH THAT HOOKED EDGE ALL THE WAY OFF THIS MAHOGANY.

NOW, ALL RIGHT, THAT'S-- THE SCRAPER IS-- 'CAUSE IT HAS THAT LITTLE MICROSCOPIC HOOKED EDGE DOWN IN THERE.

BUT YOU SAY THIS IS THE FIRST SHARPENING.

FIRST SHARPENING.

ALL RIGHT.

SO WHAT DO YOU DO NOW AFTER IT'S STARTED TO GET DULL?

SO NOW IT'S AGGRESSIVE, AND WE'LL USE IT INITIALLY.

AND THEN I'LL GO BACK AND BURNISH THE SIDES OF THE SCRAPER.

AND THIS-- NOW, DO YOU SPIT ON IT?

'CAUSE I SEE A LOT OF PEOPLE THAT WILL SPIT ON THERE-- YOU CERTAINLY CAN IF YOU'D LIKE.

I DON'T THOUGH.

I'M NOT--I DON'T KNOW IF YOU WANT ME TO SPIT.

ALL RIGHT, SO YOU DID THE SIDES, AND NOW YOU'RE DOING THE EDGE HERE.

AND LET'S LOOK AT YOUR BURNISHER.

THIS IS A PURPOSE-MADE BURNISHER.

IT'S JUST VERY HARD STEEL LIKE THE BACK OF A GOUGE SOME PEOPLE WOULD USE.

BACK OF A GOUGE WORKS FINE, OR THE BACK OF A CHISEL, A FLAT CHISEL.

A FLAT CHISEL?

I'D RATHER USE SOMETHING A LITTLE ROUNDED.

I WOULD TOO, BECAUSE IT CONCENTRATES THE PRESSURE A LITTLE BETTER.

ALL RIGHT, SO NOW WE'LL GO BACK OVER AGAIN.

WE'LL SEE WHAT HAPPENS.

AND I THINK WHAT WE'LL FIND IS WE'LL GET SHAVINGS THAT ARE A LITTLE FINER.

I CAN HEAR IT, ACTUALLY.

OH, YES.

IT'S SO NICE.

AND THEN THIS CAN BE DONE YET AGAIN.

ALL RIGHT, BUT NOW, IF YOU STARTED OUT-- SO THIS KEEPS GETTING DULLER AND DULLER AND DULLER OR FINER AND FINER.

AND FINER AND FINER AND FINER.

OKAY, SO THE BIG RESTART IS WORKING WITH A FILE AND DOING ALL THAT.

OKAY, WELL, LET'S TAKE A LOOK, IF WE CAN JUST TAKE A QUICK LOOK AGAIN AT THIS-- ED, I WANT YOU TO HELP ME HERE.

LET'S BRING THIS ON OVER.

WE'LL SEE HOW THIS ALL GOES TOGETHER.

WE'VE GOT OUR DRAWERS DOVETAILED.

BUT THAT'S NOT THE END ON THIS PIECE.

WE'RE TRYING TO GET THAT WONDERFUL VENEER ON THE FRONT.

AND WHAT IS THIS EDGING AROUND THE SIDES THERE?

I SEE THIS HAS GOT LITTLE MITERED... THAT'S BOXWOOD.

MITERED TRIM INTO THE CORNERS THERE.

JUST TRIM THE VENEER BACK A LITTLE BIT, AND THEN THE BOXWOOD IS GLUED WITH MITERED CORNERS.

AND YOU CAN ACTUALLY USE TAPE MADE FROM COATED HIDE GLUE ONTO PAPER.

AND BEST OF ALL, ALL YOU GOT TO DO IS JUST LICK IT... [laughs] OH, OH.

LICK IT AND STICK IT.

AND STICK IT.

AND THAT'S WHAT HOLDS THAT AS THE BOXWOOD TRIM DRIES.

YOU BET.

GUYS, THANKS SO MUCH.

MARCUS HANSON, I SURE APPRECIATE IT.

ED WRIGHT, THANKS FOR JOINING ME.

GLAD TO SHARE IT WITH YOU.

THANKS FOR JOINING ME HERE IN THE WOODWRIGHT'S SHOP.

WE'LL SEE YOU NEXT TIME.

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