The Enfield Cupboard

MAJOR FUNDING FOR "THE WOODWRIGHT'S SHOP"

IS PROVIDED BY...

[THUNDER]

[CAR ALARM BLARING]

WHEN THE UNEXPECTED HAPPENS, STATE FARM HAS THE TOOLS TO GET YOU TO A BETTER STATE.

PROUD SPONSOR OF "THE WOODWRIGHT'S SHOP."

CAPTIONING MADE POSSIBLE BY FRIENDS OF NCI HA HA.

HEY, WELCOME BACK TO "THE WOODWRIGHT'S SHOP."

I'M ROY UNDERHILL.

I'M SO GLAD YOU CAN BE WITH ME AGAIN TODAY.

200--ALMOST 200 YEARS AGO, EARLY 19th CENTURY, SOME LONELY SHAKER-- AND I USE THE WORD "LONELY" BECAUSE I CAN'T USE THE OTHER WORD

THAT PROBABLY MORE DESCRIBED HIS CONDITION--

MADE FOR THE COMMUNITY A LITTLE CUPBOARD, A LITTLE CUPBOARD MAYBE FOR SEEDS, MAYBE FOR JELLY, AND THIS IS IT.

NOW, LITTLE DID HE KNOW IT WAS GOING TO BECOME

A VERY POPULAR CUPBOARD BECAUSE, UH...

A CENTURY LATER, IT SHOWS UP AS THE FIRST THING IN "SHOP DRAWINGS OF SHAKER FURNITURE AND WOODENWARE" BY MR. HANDBERG, AND MANY, MANY PEOPLE

HAVE MADE THIS LITTLE CABINET.

AND I SAY LITTLE.

IT'S ONLY 51 INCHES TALL.

SO WE'RE GOING TO HAVE A WHACK AT IT.

IT'S OUR TURN NOW TO GIVE A SHOT AT THIS THING, A LITTLE SHAKER CABINET, AND OF COURSE THE SHAKERS, I SAY THEY WERE A CELIBATE RELIGIOUS GROUP, MEANING, WELL, THEY DID NOT REPRODUCE,

BUT THEIR FURNITURE, IT REPRODUCED LIKE CRAZY.

SO WE'RE GONNA HAVE A WHACK AT THIS NOW.

ONE OF THE ELEMENTS OF SHAKER FURNITURE

IS THE ELIMINATION OF EXCESSIVE ORNAMENTATION.

BUT THEY DIDN'T ELIMINATE IT IN THIS ONE.

THIS HAS NICE CROWN MOLDING.

WE'RE GONNA DO THIS NEXT TIME,

AND YOU CAN SEE CROWN MOLDING RIGHT THERE.

SO HOW THAT--VERY SIMPLE, ELEGANT MOLDING.

WE'LL DO THIS WITH SOME HAND PLANES.

BUT YOU SEE HOW NICE THAT MAKES THAT TOP CORNER LOOK?

IF WE TAKE IT AWAY...AAH!

IT'S PRETTY NASTY.

SO PUT IT BACK IN, IT DOES LOOK ALL RIGHT.

SO I WOULDN'T SAY THAT'S EXCESSIVE ORNAMENTATION.

THAT IS JUST ENOUGH ORNAMENTATION

TO MAKE THIS THING LOOK PLEASING

AND HAVE A PLEASING ENVIRONMENT.

SO THAT'S WHAT I THINK IT WAS.

YOU KNOW, THEY JUST STRIPPED THIS STUFF DOWN.

NOW, IT'S A BASIC CABINET

BUILT WITH THE BASIC, COMMON CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES.

WE'RE GONNA DO THE DOOR NEXT TIME.

THAT HAS SOME INTERESTING BEADING ON IT.

AND I WANT TO SAY, THIS PINE THAT I'M WORKING WITH

RIGHT HERE FOR THE CASE IS VERY, VERY SOFT-- FAST-GROWN, WHITE...

I MEAN, IT IS WHITE PINE, BUT I MEAN, THIS IS, LIKE, REAL WHITE.

IT'S LIKE MARSHMALLOW WOOD, THIS STUFF.

LOOK AT THIS NOW.

THIS IS ALSO WHITE PINE,

BUT IT HAS MUCH TIGHTER GROWTH RINGS.

IT GREW MUCH MORE SLOWLY.

IT'S MUCH DENSER AND HEAVIER, AND IT'S THE REAL STUFF THAT THIS WOULD BE MADE FROM.

THIS IS JUST PULP RIGHT HERE.

I MEAN, LITERALLY PULP.

THIS IS THE STUFF WE'D REALLY WANT TO WORK WITH.

SO JUST THE STILES OF THE DOOR GIVES US THE OLD-SCHOOL PINE.

BUT THAT'S ALL RIGHT.

WE'LL STILL GET IT.

IT'LL BE NICE.

IT'LL BE NICE.

TRUST ME.

ALL RIGHT.

SO LET'S TAKE THIS THING APART.

IT'S GOT A FACE FRAME ON ITSELF,

AND THAT'S THIS, UH...

THE STILE AND RAIL RIGHT HERE

BROUGHT ALL THE WAY AROUND.

YOU CAN SEE HOW THE STILE IS CONNECTED

BY A LITTLE STUB TENON RIGHT THERE AND A MORTISE.

AND THAT CONNECTS THESE TWO TOGETHER

SO THAT THEY STAY IN ALIGNMENT.

YOU DON'T WANT THIS TWISTING OUT,

EVEN THOUGH IT'S GOING TO HAVE MOLDING

OVER THIS UPPER PART RIGHT HERE.

SO VERY SIMPLE.

NOW, THE COOL THING THAT THIS PIECE DOES IS, WHEN IT'S NAILED ON, IT WILL LINK EVERYTHING TOGETHER, AS WE'LL SEE.

ALL RIGHT.

SO THAT'S A FACE FRAME.

I'VE GOT THAT OFF.

AND YOU CAN SEE NOW THE WAY THE DRAWERS ARE DADOED IN.

YOU CAN SEE THIS DADO DOWN HERE.

THIS IS A JOINT WHERE THIS IS CUT INTO THE UPRIGHT SIDE, AND THEN WE HAVE THE DRAWER FITTING RIGHT INTO THAT CROSS-GRAIN GROOVE,

WHICH IS CALLED A DADO.

SO WE'LL DO THAT RIGHT THERE.

AND THEN THE BACK-- NO THE BACK HAS TWO BOARDS, AND THIS IS A KEY THING.

THIS IS NOT OF THE SAME SIZE AS THE CUPBOARD THAT YOU'LL SEE IN EJNER'S.

THIS IS EVEN SMALLER--

SMALLER IN WIDTH, SMALLER IN DEPTH, SAME HEIGHT.

BUT NEVERTHELESS, IT'S MADE UP OF THE BOARDS THAT WE HAVE.

I'LL HAVE TO GIVE YOU MORE ABOUT THAT.

THESE TWO BACKBOARDS ARE TONGUE-AND-GROOVED INTO PLACE THERE.

SO THEY'RE TONGUE-AND-GROOVED TO HOLD THEM, AND YOU'LL SEE ON THE INSIDE

A LITTLE DECORATIVE THING WE DO.

LET ME TAKE IT APART.

SO WE'LL TAKE OFF THE... LET ME SET IT DOWN HERE.

TAKE OFF THE SIDE.

ALL RIGHT.

AND YOU CAN SEE THE WAY THOSE...

HA HA HA!

THE DADOES CONNECT UP RIGHT THERE TO THE SHELVES.

SO WE'VE GOT TO RUN DADOES ACROSS.

AND WE HAVE A RABBET--

THIS IS CALLED A RABBET-- DOWN THE SHOULDER.

SO DADO AND RABBET,

AND THEY CORRESPOND ONE TO THE OTHER AND THIS TO THE BACK.

AND SO THAT'S THAT.

LET ME GET ALL THE WAY TO THE BACK,

BECAUSE WE'RE GONNA START WITH THE BACK,

AND I THINK THAT'S WHERE THE FELLA WHO MADE IT STARTED.

OH, I WANTED TO SHOW YOU THAT BEAD.

THAT'S RIGHT.

LOOK INSIDE HERE.

YOU CAN SEE WHERE THAT TONGUE-AND-GROOVE IS.

I'M GONNA PULL IT APART, BUT DO YOU SEE HOW IT'S BEADED?

THERE'S ACTUALLY A LITTLE BEAD.

IT LOOKS LIKE A DOUBLE TONGUE-AND-GROOVE RIGHT THERE.

WELL, LET ME PULL IT APART.

LET'S SEE IF I CAN GET IT.

THERE WE GO.

AND YOU'LL SEE THE TONGUE.

AND THAT BEADING MAKES IT WORK A LITTLE BETTER.

THERE'S THE GROOVE, AND YOU SEE THE TONGUE THERE.

AND THIS EXTRA BEAD DRESSES UP A LITTLE BIT THE... WELL, JUST THE JOINT.

SO, ALL RIGHT.

LET'S KEEP GOING HERE.

WE WANT TO WORK ON THE BACK, THEN.

AND I SAY I THINK IT STARTED WITH THE BACK...

BECAUSE YOU'D GET THE BOARDS.

YOU KNOW, THEY'RE NOT WORKING FROM,

"OH, I NEED THE DRAWINGS HERE,"

UNLESS IT WAS TO FIT IN A SPECIFIC SPACE.

YOU'RE GONNA START WITH TWO BOARDS THAT YOU GOT.

YOU KNOW, YOU'RE NOT GONNA SAY, "OH, GOSH.

NOW I'VE GOT TO GLUE UP EXTRA BOARDS TO DO THIS."

TWO BOARDS WILL DETERMINE THE WIDTH.

SO IT'S WHAT CAME OUT OF THE MILL.

THEY HAD SAWMILLS AND SAWED THEIR BOARDS.

AND TWO BOARDS, AFTER THEY'RE TONGUE-AND-GROOVED TOGETHER, DETERMINED THE WIDTH OF THE CABINET

THAT YOU WOULD MAKE.

AT LEAST IT WOULD FOR ME.

ALL RIGHT.

SO, I'VE GOT THESE TWO BOARDS

THAT ARE GONNA FORM THE BACK SANDWICHED TOGETHER, AND WE'RE GONNA PLANE THEM AND THEN FOLD THEM TOGETHER LIKE THAT.

AND THAT IS A WONDERFUL PROCESS.

HERE I'VE GOT A PLANE I'M WORKING ALONG.

I'M GONNA SHOW YOU ALL THE PLANES IN JUST A SECOND WE'RE GONNA USE.

WE'LL START WITH THIS ONE.

THIS IS A TRYING PLANE.

AND IT'S LIKE SOMETHING IS "TRIED AND TRUE."

THE TRYING PLANE STRAIGHTENS IT UP.

SO NOW AT ONCE WE'RE PLANING BOTH PIECES THERE.

THERE WE GO.

WE KNOW WE'RE CONTINUOUS.

I'M GONNA SIGHT DOWN IT A LITTLE BIT.

A LITTLE BIT OF CROWN.

SO I'M GONNA PLANE A LITTLE BIT HOLLOW.

ALL RIGHT.

JUST TO TAKE OUT THAT MIDDLE PART.

IT'S HARD TO DO.

NEVERTHELESS, THIS IS THE TRYING PLANE.

WE'RE USING IT AS A JOINTER RIGHT NOW.

LET ME SHOW YOU THE OTHER PLANES WE'RE GONNA USE

AS WE GO DOWN HERE.

NEED TO INTRODUCE THEM.

HERE THEY ARE.

WE'RE GONNA USE THIS GROOVING PLANE,

OR A PLOW PLANE TO DO THE GROOVE

FOR THE TONGUE-AND-GROOVE JOINT.

SO THERE'S A PLOW PLANE.

WE'VE GOT A TONGUING PLANE RIGHT HERE, AND WE COULD USE WHAT'S CALLED A SET OF MATCHED PLANES, BUT THIS HAS A GAP DOWN THERE FOR...

AND THE IRON HAS A GAP RIGHT THERE

TO LEAVE THE TONGUE TO MAKE TONGUE-AND-GROOVE.

YOU CAN SEE IT RIGHT THERE.

ALL RIGHT.

THEN WE'VE GOT A BEADING PLANE

TO DO THE BEADING ON THE EDGE.

THIS JUST HAS A BEADED PROFILE RIGHT THERE, A LITTLE ROUND AND ASTRAGAL BEAD.

AND THEN TO DO THE DADOES, WE'LL USE A DADO PLANE.

WE HAVE A DADO PLANE?

NOW, THESE ARE ALL PLANES FROM THAT PERIOD,

FROM THE 1830's HERE,

AND THEN A MOVING FILLISTER PLANE.

THIS IS A FANCY RABBET PLANE.

IT HAS A NICKING IRON RIGHT HERE

AND A DEPTH STOP AND A FENCE.

AND SO AGAIN, THIS IS TO CUT THAT RABBET AROUND THE SIDES THERE.

BEAUTIFUL PLANES.

ALL RIGHT.

LET'S GET TO WORK.

NOW, I DROPPED ALL MY BOARDS HERE.

BUT WE'LL FOLD THEM TOGETHER AND SEE IF THAT JOINTING DID WHAT IT'S SUPPOSED TO DO.

SO I HAD IT LIKE THIS.

NOW WE'LL DROP THEM TOGETHER,

AND WE'LL SEE DO THEY FIT TIGHT.

AND THEY FIT PRETTY TIGHT, FIT PRETTY DARN TIGHT ALL THE WAY DOWN.

SO THAT'S A NICE JOINT.

THERE'S NO GAPS AT EITHER END.

NOW WE'RE GONNA DO THE TONGUE AND GROOVE.

AND I THINK WE'LL DO THE GROOVE FIRST.

AND I BELIEVE I HAVE POSITIONED THIS SO THAT-- I'VE ALSO GOT TO KEEP TRACK OF THE FACE SIDES.

IF I DON'T DO THAT, THINGS WILL GET CRAZY, BECAUSE WE'VE GOT TO, UH... WE'VE GOT TO KEEP THESE THINGS ORIENTED BECAUSE THE PLANES ARE SET UP TO MATCH UP JUST FINE.

THERE WE GO.

SO HERE'S OUR PLOW PLANE ON DOWN.

THIS IS A COMMON PLANE.

WE'LL USE THIS IN MAKING THE DOOR FOR THE CABINET.

IT CUTS A GROOVE THAT THE PANELS GO INTO.

SO ALMOST ANY WOODWORKER WOULD HAVE A PLOW PLANE

TO CUT THE GROOVE.

AND IT'S ADJUSTABLE IN TERMS OF THE DEPTH STOP.

IT'S ADJUSTABLE IN TERMS OF THE DISTANCE

THAT THE GROOVE IS CUT FROM THE EDGE.

WORK IT ON DOWN THERE.

AND IT'S ADJUSTABLE IN THE WIDTH OF THE GROOVE IN TERMS OF CHANGING OUT THE IRONS.

THE IRONS, OR CUTTERS,

CAN BE EXCHANGED UP TO WHATEVER WIDTH YOU WANT.

ALL RIGHT.

SO LET'S SEE.

I THINK I'M ALL THE WAY DOWN.

NOPE, NOT DOWN HERE.

THAT'S THE THING.

YOU'VE GOT TO GO ALL THE WAY DOWN

TILL IT BOTTOMS OUT AND THE DEPTH STOP IS RUBBING AND YOU DON'T HEAR THAT CUTTING ANYMORE.

ALL RIGHT.

ALL THE WAY DOWN.

ALL RIGHT.

NOW, ONE THING HAPPENS USING A PLOW PLANE OR A GROOVING PLANE OF ANY SORT--

FOLKS WILL HAVE A TERRIBLE TIME.

IT DOESN'T MATTER, WOOD OR IRON,

IF YOU ROCK OVER LIKE THIS, YOU TEND TO ROCK OVER THIS WAY, TILTING IT LIKE THAT,

THAT PUTS A LOT OF PRESSURE ON THE FENCE, MOVES IT OUT, BUT ALSO IT MAKES THE EDGE OF THE IRON, THE CUTTER RIGHT HERE, WHICH CAN BE PRETTY SHARP, THE EDGE OF THAT CUTTER DRAGS ALONG THE SIDE RIGHT HERE, AND IT JUST TEARS IT UP.

SO THIS WOULD BE ALL SHREDDED.

YOU CAN SEE WE'VE GOT IT PRETTY CLEAN RIGHT HERE,

AND THAT'S WHAT WE WANT--

CLEAN ALL THE WAY DOWN TO THE END AND TO THE FULL DEPTH.

LET ME CHECK ONE MORE TIME.

YEP.

WE'RE DOWN.

ALL RIGHT.

GOOD.

LET'S GO.

THAT'S THE GROOVE.

ON A SUNDAY AFTERNOON.

NOW THE TONGUE-- AND I TURN THIS AROUND

SO THAT AGAIN THE FACE SIDE IS TOWARDS ME.

THAT'S THE SIDE WE FENCE FROM.

HERE WE'LL USE THE GROOVING PLANE.

THIS HAS AN INTERESTING THING.

IT'S BEEN LINED ON COPPER, LINED WITH COPPER ON THE BOTTOM AND ON THE FACE OF THE FENCE THERE.

YOU CAN SEE THAT SHINY COPPER.

YOU CAN ALSO SEE THE GAP-TOOTHED IRON THAT DOES THE CUTTING RIGHT THERE.

SO THAT GAP-- THIS ACTUALLY YOU SAY

THE GROOVING PLANE CUTS THE GROOVE.

THIS ONE LEAVES THE TONGUE.

IT JUST HAS A GAP WHERE THE TONGUE WILL BE LEFT.

SO...NOW, I'VE ADJUSTED THESE, I HOPE.

SO IT SEEMS ALL RIGHT.

I'VE ADJUSTED THIS SO THEY SHOULD COINCIDE, THE TWO.

WHEN YOU'RE ADJUSTING PLANES LIKE THIS, ONE EASY WAY IS YOU CUT ONE ELEMENT AND THEN SEE IF PLANING WITH THE OTHER PLANE WILL ERASE THAT ELEMENT.

FOR EXAMPLE, HERE I'VE GOT THE TONGUE.

IF I COME BACK WITH THE PLOW PLANE,

IT SHOULD ERASE JUST THIS TONGUE

AND NOTHING ELSE, AND VICE VERSA.

ALL RIGHT.

AND THERE WE ARE.

WE'RE DOWN.

NOW, HERE IN THIS PLANE, IT'S ESSENTIAL

THAT YOU PLANE ALL THE WAY TO WHERE YOU BOTTOM OUT, WHICH I HAVE NOW.

HEAR IT?

NO MORE CUTTING.

BECAUSE THIS STRAIGHT LINE HERE ALONG THE SHOULDER,

THIS STRAIGHT LINE IS DETERMINED

BY THE BED OF THE PLANE

RIDING ON THIS STRAIGHT LINE THAT YOU'VE CREATED.

SO THIS ONLY MATCHES THIS IN TERMS OF STRAIGHTNESS

IF YOU PLANE ALL THE WAY TO THE BOTTOM TO THE POINT WHERE IT STOPS CUTTING.

ALL RIGHT.

SO WE HAVE ONE LITTLE THING.

LET'S TRY THAT TONGUE AND GROOVE.

IN FACT, LET'S JUST TRY IT IN PLACE UP HERE, FACE IN FACE.

LET'S HOPE THAT IT WORKS.

YES.

PRETTY NICE.

ALL RIGHT.

I'LL SLIDE THAT UP THERE.

YOU'LL SEE HOW THAT

TONGUE-AND-GROOVE JOINT IS JUST FINE.

SO WE'VE GOT A TONGUE AND GROOVE,

BUT ON THE SHOWING FACE OR ONE OF THE FACES, WE MAY HAVE A LITTLE CRACK, SO WE'LL PUT A BEAD.

NOW, WE DON'T PUT THE BEAD ON THE TONGUE RIGHT THERE.

IF WE PUT THE BEAD RIGHT THERE,

DO YOU SEE HOW THAT WOULD WEAKEN THAT TERRIBLY?

SO INSTEAD, THE BEAD GOES ON THE SHOULDER

OF THE TENON PIECE OR THE TONGUE PIECE.

SO LET'S DO THAT.

SO I'LL TAKE THAT DOWN.

NOW THIS IS GONNA COME ON THE SIDE.

WE'VE GOT TO GO BACK HERE A LITTLE BIT

TO THE BACK OF THE BENCH,

TO THE TOP OF THE PLANING BENCH

AND GET OUR BEAD PLANE IN ACTION.

AND THIS--OOP.

I'VE GOT TO TIGHTEN UP HERE.

SO YOU USE THE END VISE.

AND THERE.

ALL RIGHT.

NOW LET'S SEE.

SO HERE.

TAKE A LOOK AT THAT BEADING PLANE.

THIS HAS A NICE FEATURE IN THAT IT'S BOXED.

AND YOU'LL SEE A SLIP OF BOXWOOD DOWN THERE.

THERE'S A SLIP OF BOXWOOD INSET INTO THE END OF THE PLANE,

THE BOTTOM OF THE PLANE,

CORRESPONDING WITH THE END-- THE STICKING-OUT POINT OF THE CUTTER DOWN THERE.

SO THIS DOES THAT KIND OF BEAD, HOLLOW BEAD.

WE'LL TRY IT RIGHT HERE.

ALL RIGHT.

WE'LL SEE HOW THAT CUTS.

ALL RIGHT.

AND I'VE GOT TO SAY,

THESE WOODEN INSTRUMENTS-- REMEMBER, THIS IS WOOD BODY.

AND THE IRON IS PROTRUDING JUST THE RIGHT AMOUNT.

AS HUMIDITY MAKES THIS SWELL AND SHRINK,

THE IRON GETS OUT OF SYNC.

SO THESE THINGS ARE VERY... HAVE TO BE TUNED LIKE A VIOLIN.

IF YOU HAVE SOME HUMIDITY GETTING IN THERE,

IT CAN CAUSE GREAT MISCHIEF WITH THE SET ON YOUR PLANES.

SO LET'S SEE.

HAVE I GOT THIS?

THERE WE GO.

ALL RIGHT.

PUSHING IN AS WELL AS DOWN.

AND THIS HAS A LITTLE SHOULDER,

A STEP RIGHT HERE, THAT WILL TELL ME

WHEN I'VE GONE AS DEEP AS I WANT TO GO.

SO BY DOING THIS,

WE'VE MADE THAT WHAT WOULD BE A GAP INTO A DECORATIVE THING.

I'M GONNA GET THE... GROOVED PIECE

AND FIT IT UP THERE, AND YOU'LL SEE WHAT I MEAN.

SO HERE WE GO.

HERE'S THE GROOVE SET ON THERE.

AND YOU CAN SEE-- WELL, YOU CAN'T REALLY SEE WITHOUT THE SHADOW.

THERE WE GO.

YOU CAN SEE HOW THAT BEAD KIND OF MAKES THAT-- TRUST ME.

IT LOOKS BETTER.

HA HA HA.

OK. AND IT DOES.

YOU CAN SEE IT'S A LITTLE CORNER BEAD THERE,

AN ASTRAGAL CORRESPONDING WITH THE TONGUE

ON THE TONGUE-AND-GROOVE JOINT.

SO THAT'S OUR BACK.

NOW, THAT'S AS FAR AS-- REMEMBER, I JUST JOINTED THE MIDDLE.

I DON'T EVEN KNOW IF THIS SIDE IS STRAIGHT.

I DON'T KNOW IF THIS SIDE IS STRAIGHT.

I DON'T KNOW MY WIDTH.

I DON'T KNOW ANY OF THAT.

SO WHAT I WOULD DO--

AND I'M NOT GONNA DO IT RIGHT NOW BECAUSE I WANT TO GET ON TO THE DADO--

IS TO CLAMP THESE TWO TOGETHER

AFTER HAVING JOINTED THIS EDGE.

SO GET IT STRAIGHT.

MOVE THE DOG DOWN.

AND THEN...IS THAT WHERE THAT GOES?

LET ME SEE HERE.

ALL RIGHT.

LET ME GET THESE LINED UP,

BECAUSE WE'RE NOT ONLY GONNA DO THE DADO, WE'RE GONNA DO THE RABBET DOWN THE EDGE HERE.

SO I'VE GOT TO GET THIS SET OUT.

SO I'LL UNDO THE VISE.

THERE WE ARE.

BRING THIS UP.

OK.

SO LET ME SHOW YOU.

I'VE GOT A GAUGE UNDER THE BENCH HERE.

SO I'D USE THIS.

THIS IS A BIG PANEL GAUGE.

EVEN AFTER DOING THIS MIDDLE JOINT, THEN STRAIGHTEN THIS EDGE HERE.

TAKE THIS PANEL GAUGE,

WHICH HAS A SCRATCHER DOWN HERE AND A FENCE DOWN HERE,

AND RUN IT ALONG TO MARK OUT

THE GREATEST WIDTH I COULD, AND THAT WOULD BE THEN THE LINE THAT I PLANE TO ON THIS END TO MAKE SURE I HAVE A FULL PARALLEL BACK FOR THE-- AND THAT'S IT.

I WOULDN'T EVEN KNOW WHAT THAT MEASUREMENT IS.

I HAD NO CLUE, BECAUSE I'M GONNA MAKE

EVERYTHING ELSE JUST FIT THAT.

SO IT EVOLVES FROM THE BOARDS THAT YOU HAVE AT THE SAWMILL.

SO THAT'S THE WAY I'D BE READY NOW,

AND WE'RE GOING TO GO AHEAD AND CUT A DADO.

I'M GONNA CUT ONE--BECAUSE THESE ARE JUST SHORT BOARDS--

TO SHOW YOU.

I'M GOING TO CUT ONE, AS THEY SAY,

CLOSE TO THE EDGE HERE.

AND WE'LL HAVE TO DO A FEW THINGS

TO MAKE SURE WE DON'T LOSE IT.

SO WE'LL CUT A DADO RIGHT HERE, AND WE'LL SEE

HOW IT EVEN GOES THROUGH THAT BEAD JUST FINE BECAUSE OF THE WAY THE PLANE IS CONSTRUCTED.

NOW, I'M GOING TO USE A COUPLE OF CLAMPS HERE THAT WILL HOLD THIS FENCE ON,

BECAUSE THE ONE THING A DADO PLANE CAN'T HAVE IS A FENCE.

YOU CAN IMAGINE WHEN I'M WORKING

WAY IN THE MIDDLE OF A BOARD...

THERE IS NO WAY A FENCE IS GONNA REACH OUT TWO FEET INTO THE MIDDLE OF A...

THE BOARDS THAT YOU NEED.

SO IT HAS TO BE-- WE'D HAVE TO HAVE

A FENCE, YOU KNOW, WAY WIDE LIKE THAT

TO MAKE THAT THING WORK

WHEN WE'RE CUTTING THE ONE RIGHT HERE.

I KNOW I'M WORKING CLOSE TO THE EDGE.

BUT IN ANY CASE, YOU CAN'T HAVE A FENCE ON A DADO PLANE,

NO MATTER HOW MUCH YOU WANT IT.

SO WE USE INSTEAD A, UH... LITTLE BATTEN JUST SET ON HERE.

AND I'M PUTTING THIS PLANE ON THIS FAR END SO THAT THIS END DOESN'T TIP UP.

SO YOU PUT THE HEAVY PLANE OUT THERE.

I MAY EVEN NEED MORE.

AND WE'LL GET TO THE DADO PLANE.

SO HERE'S THE SHAKERS.

THEY'VE GOT A DADO PLANE.

THEY'VE GOT ALL THESE TOOLS THAT ARE AVAILABLE, AND THIS STUFF EVOLVES.

THEY'RE JUST MAKING THIS STUFF ELEGANT.

AND YOU CAN SEE HOW THIS HAS A SKEWED IRON, AND BY THAT, I MEAN THE IRON IS AT AN ANGLE TO THE...THERE IT IS.

THERE'S THE SKEWED IRON.

NOW, THIS IS THE CUTTER.

THIS UP HERE IS THE ONE WITH THE TWO NICKERS ON IT.

SO THIS HAS TWO SPURS AND A DEPTH STOP.

SO LET'S SEE WHAT THAT DOES WHEN I PULL IT BACK UP HERE.

IT'LL NICK ACROSS THE GRAIN...I HOPE.

THERE WE ARE.

AND I CAN THEN COME BACK.

AND BECAUSE THOSE NICKERS CUT IT BEFORE THE IRON...

THE SKEWED IRON TAKES OUT THE WOOD, WE DON'T HAVE THAT TEAR-OUT THAT WE WOULD NORMALLY FEAR.

ALL RIGHT.

NOW, THAT'S ALL I NEED WITH THE BATTEN RIGHT NOW.

I'VE JUST GOT THIS STARTED.

SO WE'LL GO AHEAD AND TAKE THIS OFF... YEAH.

AND PUT IT ASIDE.

AND NOW THE DADO PLANE CAN WORK.

I'M GONNA PUT ALL MY PLANES BACK HERE.

CAN'T PUT THAT ONE.

WE NEED IT HERE.

I NEED ALL THE WEIGHT I CAN GET.

UH!

THE DADO PLANE DOESN'T NEED THE BATTEN ANYMORE.

SO NOW IT CAN CUT DOWN TO THE FULL DEPTH.

ALL RIGHT.

I'LL TELL YOU WHAT I'M GONNA DO.

I'M GONNA MOVE THIS WHOLE THING BACK,

BECAUSE JUST EVERY TIME I'M DOING IT,

IT'S ROCKING AWAY FROM ME A LITTLE BIT.

NOW, TO GET THESE BACK IN ALIGNMENT-- THERE WE GO.

SO I'M JUST DOING TWO BOARDS, DADOING ALL THE WAY ACROSS.

BUT YOU THINK ABOUT IT, WE COULD DADO THE SIDES AS WELL.

IF WE WERE WILLING TO PUT 4 BOARDS DOWN HERE,

WE COULD DADO THE ENTIRE CABINET AT ONE GO.

ALL RIGHT.

AND SO WE WORK OUR WAY DOWN...

TILL THE DEPTH STOP SAYS STOP.

NOW WE'VE GOT OUR DADO.

SO THAT'S GONNA HOLD THE SHELVES HERE.

I THINK I'VE GOT A PIECE OF SHELVING, OR SHELVING-SIZED WOOD HERE.

SO THE SHELF IS GONNA FIT DOWN INSIDE

OF THAT GROOVE THERE.

I NEED TO DO A LITTLE BIT OF TRIMMING THERE.

NEVERTHELESS, THAT WILL FIT DOWN INSIDE THERE AND HOUSE THE SHELVES.

ALL RIGHT.

WE ALSO HAVE, ON THE ENDS, A RABBET.

NOW, THE RABBET IS JUST A SHOULDER ON THE EDGE,

AND HERE AGAIN WE'LL USE A SKEW-IRON PLANE

MADE FOR CUTTING CROSS-GRAIN.

SO THERE WE ARE.

WE HAVE THE SPUR,

THE DEPTH STOP, THE FENCE, EVERYTHING WE NEED IN ORDER FOR US TO CUT A CLEAN CUT OF A PRECISE DEPTH... ALL THE WAY DOWN.

ALL RIGHT.

AND AGAIN WE'LL GO UNTIL THE DEPTH STOP SAYS THAT WE'VE HIT THE BOTTOM.

WE THEN PUT A--

MAKE SURE THAT'S THE RIGHT PIECE THAT'S GONNA GO IN THERE.

SO THERE'S THE BOTTOM TO HOUSE IN THERE.

ALL RIGHT.

WE'D BETTER SEE THIS IN THE FINISHED PIECES

BECAUSE THESE ARE RIDICULOUS.

WE'D HAVE A SHELF FOR THIMBLES HERE

WITH THAT SEPARATION BETWEEN THE TWO.

LET'S GO AHEAD AND PUT IT TOGETHER.

I'M GONNA CLEAR THE DECKS

AND PUT THIS THING UP ON TOP.

WE'LL SEE HOW THE NAILS--

THE WAY THIS FACE FRAME AND THE NAILING

JUST REALLY MAKES THIS STRONG.

SO HERE WE GO.

THIS IS ALREADY NAILED, THESE PARTS.

THAT'S WHY THEY'RE STICKING TOGETHER THERE.

SO I'VE GOT...

ALL RIGHT.

TH'S ALL READY.

LET ME SEE.

NOW I NEED A BACK.

AND WE CAN PUT A BACK IN HERE.

AND YOU CAN SEE, I THINK, HOW THE BACK CORRESPONDS HERE IF YOU LOOK AT THE-- IS THAT A BACK?

YEAH, THAT'S A BACK.

SO HERE'S THE GROOVE RIGHT HERE,

AND THERE'S THE DADO FOR THAT SHELF.

SO SEE HOW THESE ARE GONNA COME DOWN HERE AND FIT.

WE'LL GET THAT LINED UP IN THE GROOVE FIRST.

LINED UP IN THE GROOVE.

ALL RIGHT.

LET'S SEE IF I CAN GET THAT DOWN THERE.

ALL RIGHT.

NEED TO GET IT ALL THE WAY ACROSS.

THERE WE ARE.

ALL RIGHT.

HA HA!

OK.

SO THAT'S THE BACK IN.

IT'S ALL IN THE DADOES NOW, AND NOW WE'RE GONNA PUT ON THE SIDE OF THE CABINET.

HERE'S WHERE YOU CAN SEE MUCH BETTER WHAT I WAS TALKING ABOUT

WITH THE RABBETS AROUND THE EDGE.

YOU CAN SEE THE RABBETS HERE THAT ENGAGE WITH THE BACK HERE.

THIS RABBET ENGAGES WITH THE BACK,

AND THIS ONE WITH THE TOP BOARD HERE.

SO WE'LL GO AHEAD AND SLAP THAT ON.

AND I LITERALLY SLAP IT ON, BECAUSE I DARE NOT USE A MALLET

IN THIS SOFT, SOFT PINE.

BUT THAT'S IT.

NOW, TAKING THE FACE FRAME HERE

AND NAILING IT ON--

WE'LL PUT THIS HERE AND NAIL IT ON-- WE ARE GOING TO LINK THAT SIDE BOARD

AND THIS BOARD RIGHT HERE.

SO THAT BECOMES A VERY, VERY STRONG...

IF THEN SOMEWHAT A VERTICALLY DIMINISHED LITTLE CABINET.

WELL, WE'LL DO THE MOLDINGS AND THE DOOR NEXT TIME, BUT UNTIL THEN, KEEP YOUR MIND FREE OF IMPURE THOUGHTS.

WE'LL SEE YOU NEXT TIME HERE IN "THE WOODWRIGHT'S SHOP."

SO LONG.

LEARN MORE ABOUT "THE WOODWRIGHT'S SHOP"

AND TRADITIONAL WOODWORKING ON OUR WEBSITE.

YOU CAN FIND US ONLINE AT pbs.org.

CAPTIONING MADE POSSIBLE BY FRIENDS OF NCI MAJOR FUNDING FOR "THE WOODWRIGHT'S SHOP"

IS PROVIDED BY...

[THUNDER]

[CAR ALARM BLARING]

WHEN THE UNEXPECTED HAPPENS, STATE FARM HAS THE TOOLS TO GET YOU TO A BETTER STATE.

PROUD SPONSOR OF "THE WOODWRIGHT'S SHOP."

ROY UNDERHILL IS THE AUTHOR OF "THE WOODWRIGHT'S GUIDE: WORKING WOOD WITH WEDGE AND EDGE,"

AS WELL AS OTHER BOOKS ON TRADITIONAL WOODWORKING, ALL PUBLISHED BY THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA PRESS

AND AVAILABLE IN BOOKSTORES AND LIBRARIES.